Title: Negative concord in classical Greek case study : Xenophon
Source document: Graeco-Latina Brunensia. 2019, vol. 24, iss. 2, pp. 163-176
Extent
163-176
-
ISSN1803-7402 (print)2336-4424 (online)
Persistent identifier (DOI): https://doi.org/10.5817/GLB2019-2-11
Stable URL (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/141760
Type: Article
Language
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 International
Notice: These citations are automatically created and might not follow citation rules properly.
Abstract(s)
Ancient Greek has at its disposal a complex system of negatives (n-words and negators) that can combine in different ways. Drawing on Xenophon's works, I will show various patterns reflecting the combinations of negatives (negator and n-words) in Ancient Greek sentences; due to its relatively free word order, the place of negative elements may vary considerably. I pay special attention to n-words and negative spread, which is markedly developed in Ancient Greek, and examine the differences between non-strict negative concord languages (like Italian and Spanish) and specific non-strict negative concord languages (like Ancient Greek), arguing for scalar properties of negation.
Note
This study was supported by the Charles University project Progres Q10, Language in the shiftings of time, space, and culture.
References
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[2] Crespo, E. et al. (2003). Sintaxis del griego clásico. Madrid: Gredos.
[3] Chatzopoulou, K. (2019). Negation and Nonveridicality in the History of Greek. New York: OUP.
[4] Denizot, C. (2011). Des différentes manières de dire "jamais" en grec ancient: L'emploi de pote ou de po:pote. Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique de Paris, CVI, 183–220.
[5] Denizot, C. (2012). La double négation et le tour οὐδεὶς οὐκ ἦλθεν. Revue de Philologie, de littérature et d'histoire anciennes, 86(2), 65–90.
[6] Denizot, C. (2013). Deux coordinations négatives en grec ancien: différences sémantiques et pragmatiques entre oute et oude. In J. François, P. Larrivée, D. Legallois, & F. Neveu (Eds.), La linguistique de la contradiction (pp. 33–51). Bruxelles: Peter Lang.
[7] Giannakidou, A. (2006). N-words and negative concord. In M. Everaert et al. (Eds.), The Blackwell companion to Syntax (Vol. III, chap. 45; pp. 327–391). Oxford: Wiley Blackwell.
[8] Giannakidou, A. (2011). Negative and positive polarity items. In C. Maienborn, K. von Heusinger, & P. Portner (Eds.), Semantics: An International Handbook of Natural Language Meaning (Vol. II; pp. 1660–1712). Berlin: De Gruyter.
[9] Giannakidou, A., & Zeijlstra, H. (2017). The landscape of Negative dependencies: negative concord and n-words. In: M. Everaert, & H. van Riemsdijk, The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Syntax (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Blackwell [retrived 18.10. 2018 from https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118358733.wbsyncom102]. | DOI 10.1002/9781118358733.wbsyncom102]
[10] Gianollo, Ch. (2018). Indefinites and negation in Ancient Greek. In DiGS (Diachronic Generative Syntax Conference) 20, University of York, 20.6.2018 [Abstract retrieved 22.07.2018 from https://www.york.ac.uk/media/languageandlinguistics/documents/conferences/digs20/Gianollo_handout_DiGS20.pdf].
[11] Herburger, E. (2001). The negative concord puzzle revisited. Natural language Semantics, 9, 289–333. | DOI 10.1023/A:1014205526722
[12] Horrocks, G. (2014). Ouk Ísmen Oudén: Negative Concord and Negative Polarity in the History of Greek. Journal of Greek Linguistics, 14, 43–83. | DOI 10.1163/15699846-01401003
[13] Humbert, J. (1972). Syntaxe grecque. Paris: Klincksieck.
[14] Kühner, R., & Gerth, B. (1904). Ausführliche Grammatik der griechischen Sprache (Vol. II, 2). Hannover – Leipzig: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.
[15] Laka, I. 1990. Negation in Syntax: On the Nature of Functional Categories and Projections. Ph.D. Dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
[16] Lambert, F. (2012). Oude en grec ancien, du pareil au même. Linguarum varietas, no 1, 99–109.
[17] LSJ = The Online Liddell – Scott – Jones, Greek – English Lexicon [available from http://stephanus.tlg.uci.edu/lsj/#eid=1&context=lsj].
[18] Montanari, F. et al. (2015). The Brill dictionary of ancient Greek. Leiden: Brill.
[19] Moorhouse, A. C. (1959). Studies in the Greek Negatives. Cardiff: University of Wales Press.
[20] Muchnová, D. (in prep.). Negative spread in Ancient Greek.
[21] Muchnová, D. (2016). Negation in Ancient Greek: a typological approach. Graeco-Latina Brunensia, 21(2), 195–212.
[22] Penka, D., & Zeijlstra, H. (2010). Negation and polarity: an introduction. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 28, 771–786. | DOI 10.1007/s11049-010-9114-0
[23] Penka, D. (2015). Negation and Polarity. In: N. Riemer (Ed.), Routledge Handbook of Semantics. London: Routledge [retrieved 28.09.2018 from http://ling.uni-konstanz.de/pages/home/penka/Pubs/Penka_Routledge_handbook.pdf].
[24] Perseus Digital Library Project, ed. Gregory R. Crane. Tufts University [available from http://www.perseus.tufts.edu.].
[25] Schwyzer, E., & Debrunner, A. (1950). Griechische Grammatik, II: Syntax und syntaktische Stilistik. München: C. H. Beck.
[26] Smyth, H. W. (1984). Greek grammar (revised by G. M. Messing). Harvard: University Press.
[27] TLG (Thesaurus Linguae Graecae). A Digital Library of Greek Literature. University of California [available from http://www.tlg.uci.edu/].
[28] Willis, D. et al. (2013). Indefinites: Basic concepts. In D. Willis et al. (Eds.), The History of Negation in the Languages of Europe and the Mediterranean (Vol. I; pp. 27–35). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[29] Willmott, J. (2013). Negation in the history of Greek. In D. Willis et al. (Eds.), The History of negation in the languages of Europe and the Mediterranean (Vol. I; pp. 299–340). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[30] Zeijlstra, H. (2004). Sentential negation and negative concord. Utrecht: LOT/ACLC.