Title: Humův vliv na Madisonovu politiku náboženské tolerance
Variant title:
- Hume's influence on Madison's policy of religious tolerance
Source document: Pro-Fil. 2018, vol. 19, iss. 2, pp. 40-54
Extent
40-54
-
ISSN1212-9097 (online)
Persistent identifier (DOI): https://doi.org/10.5817/pf18-2-1852
Stable URL (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/138762
Type: Article
Language
License: Not specified license
Notice: These citations are automatically created and might not follow citation rules properly.
Abstract(s)
Článek má za cíl ukázat podobnosti mezi Humovou a Madisonovou politickou filozofií v oblasti politiky náboženské tolerance. Humův kritický postoj k církvím a k náboženství je dnes v interpretační literatuře velmi známý. Často se však zapomíná na důsledky, které z tohoto postoje plynou pro jeho politickou filozofii. Hume se totiž na mnoha místech svého rozsáhlého filozofického díla (kam je třeba řadit i jeho Dějiny Anglie a mnohé eseje) zamýšlel nad otázkou, jak řídit stát nábožensky roztříštěný do církví a sekt. Podobně se i jeden z nejvýznamnějších otců zakladatelů, James Madison, obával názorově roztříštěné společnosti; přičemž co do důvodů i řešení tohoto problému je patrná podobnost mezi jeho a Humovými myšlenkami. Hume i Madison shodně považovali za zdroj lidské tendence ke stranictví lidskou přirozenost a řešení této stranickosti spatřovali jednak v ustavení státu na co nejširším území, a jednak v co největší míře tolerance rozličných názorů i v náboženských otázkách. Oba argumentovali tím, že se v dějinách prakticky ukázalo jako nejúčinnější právě zavedení co nejširší náboženské tolerance. Kromě toho Madison používá stejné metafory a výrazy ve stejném kontextu jako Hume. Humův vliv na Madisona v otázce náboženské tolerance tak nelze při interpretaci intelektuálních zdrojů Jamese Madisona dále přehlížet.
The article aims to show the similarities between Hume's and Madison's political philosophy concerning the policy of religious tolerance. Although Hume's critical attitude to religion is well known among contemporary Hume scholars, the implications of the critique for his political philosophy are not usually dealt with. However, Hume devoted a lot of attention to the issue of religiously fragmented society and the impact this situation had on the state security. Similarly, James Madison feared fragmented societies and dealt with this issue in a manner very similar to Hume's. Both Hume and Madison thought that human tendency to a partiality had a source in human nature. The solution was, therefore, not in overcoming this tendency but rather in using it to a good purpose. Both argued that toleration had practically proven to be the most effective policy and also had the best impact on society. In addition to these similarities, Madison used the same metaphors and expressions in the same context as Hume. Therefore, Hume's influence in the context of the interpretation of Madison’s intellectual resources can no longer be ignored.
Note
Článek byl podpořen dotací Institucionální podpory pro Katedru filozofie a společenských věd na Filozofické fakultě Univerzity Hradec Králové.
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[32] Russell, P. (2010): The Riddle of Hume's Treatise: Skepticism, Naturalism, and Irreligion, Oxford University Press.
[33] Sabl, A. (2009): The Last Artificial Virtue: Hume on Toleration and Its Lessons, Political Theory 37(4), 511–538, dostupné z: https://www.jstor.org/stable/25655497. | DOI 10.1177/0090591709335192
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