Title: The Norwegian particles jo and nok in second language writing : a qualitative study of three learner groups from the ASK-corpus
Source document: Brünner Beiträge zur Germanistik und Nordistik. 2020, vol. 34, iss. 1, pp. 73-92
Extent
73-92
-
ISSN1803-7380 (print)2336-4408 (online)
Persistent identifier (DOI): https://doi.org/10.5817/BBGN2020-1-5
Stable URL (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/142902
Type: Article
Language
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 International
Notice: These citations are automatically created and might not follow citation rules properly.
Abstract(s)
This paper deals with the topic of lexical modality in Norwegian as a second language. Basing on data obtained from the ASK-corpus – The Norwegian Language Learner Corpus containing second language texts written in a language examination, the authors analyse the use of two modal particles, jo and nok, by three groups of Norwegian as a second language writers: English, Polish and German. The focus of the study is on analysing lexical patterns for co-occurrence of the modal particles. The patterns used by the learners are compared with the ones used by the native speakers of Norwegian and between the learner groups. The discrepancies found in the data are discussed within the broader framework of second language development and second language writing. The findings suggest that the second language writers' use of modal particles is influenced by several factors, such as general interlanguage tendencies, transfer from the learners' first languages and the perception of textual norms.
References
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[33] Kisiel, Anna (2008): Z metogologi badań partyku – partykuła a struktura tematyczno-rematyczna. In: Prace Filologiczne 54, 185–98.
[34] Lind, Marianne. (1994). Pragmatiske partikler i diskursanalytisk perspektiv: jo, altså, vel, nå og da i et norsk talemålsmateriale, master’s thesis, University of Oslo.
[35] Lind, Marianne. (1996): Pragmatiske partikler i diskursanalytisk perspektiv. Bruken av partikkelen jo i et norsk talemålsmateriale. In: Kjartan Ottoson – Ruth Fjeld – Arne Torp (eds.): The Nordic Languages and Modern Linguistics. Proceedings of The Ninth International Conference of Nordic and General Linguistics. University of Oslo, January 11–12, 1995. Oslo: Novus, 177–90.
[36] Lorenz, Gunter (1998): Overstatement in advanced learners’ writing: Stylistic aspects of adjective intensification. In: Sylviane Granger – Geoffrey Leech (eds.): Learner English on computer. London/New York: Longman, 53–66.
[37] Mac Donald, Kirsti (1990): Når man mangler førstehåndskjennskap – en studie i modalitet; Små ord med stor betydning. In: Anne Golden – Kirsti Mac Donald – Bjørg Michalsen – Else Ryen (eds.): Hva er vanskelig i grammatikken? Sentrale emner i norsk som andrespråk. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 50–72.
[38] Möllering, Martina (2001): Teaching German modal particles: a corpus-based approach. In: Language Learning & Technology 5, 130–51.
[39] Nuyts, Jan (2016): Analyses of modal meaning. In: Jan Nuyts – Johan van der Auwera (eds.): Oxford Handbook of Modality and Mood. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[40] Odlin, Terence (1989): Language transfer: cross-linguistic influence in language learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[41] Palmer, Frank Robert (2001): Mood and modality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[42] Petch-Tyson, Stephanie (1998): Reader/writer visibility in EFL persuasive writing. In: Sylviane Granger – Geoffrey Leech (eds.): Learner English on computer. London/New York: Longman, 107–18.
[43] Portner, Paul (2009): Modality. Oxford University Press.
[44] Rozumko, Agata (2013): Modal adverbs, particles and discourse markers across languages. Recent attempts at delimiting the categories in Anglophone and Polish linguistics. In: Białostockie Archiwum Językowe 13, 289–93.
[45] Schachter, Jacquelyn (1974): An error in Error Analysis. In: Language Learning 24, 205–14.
[46] Solberg, Torgerd (1990): Modalpartikler i norsk. In: Norskrift 69.
[47] Svensson, Snorre Karkkonen (2012): Modalitet og rammeverksnivåene. In: Cecilie Carlsen (ed.): Norsk profil. Det felles europeiske rammeverket spesifisert for norsk. Et første steg. Oslo: Novus, 159–87.
[48] Szulc-Brzozowska, Magdalena (2010): Zur semantisch-pragmatischen Erweiterung der Abtönungsfunktion bei polnischen Modalpartikeln aus kontrastiver Sicht (Deutsch-Polnisch). In: Linguistik Online 44, 19–28.
[49] Szymańska, Oliwia. (2010). Engelske og polske ekvivalenter av norske modalpartikler jo, da, vel, nok, visst - en kontrastiv analyse, master’s thesis, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan. Tenfjord, Kari, Hagen, Jon Erik – Johansen, Hilde (2009): Norsk andrespråkskorpus (ASK)-design og metodiske forutsetninger. In: NOA - norsk som andrespråk 25, 52–81.
[50] Traugott, Elizabeth Closs (2007): Discussion article: Discourse markers, modal particles, and contrastive analysis, synchronic and diachronic. In: Catalan journal of linguistics 6, 139–57.
[51] Von Fintel, Kai (2006): Modality and language. In: Donald M Borchert (ed.): Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Detroit/New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 20–27
[52] Wray, Alison (1999): Formulaic language in learners and native speakers. In: Language Teaching 32, 213–31.
[53] Wray, Alison (2005): Formulaic language and the lexicon. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[2] Aijmer, Karin (1996): Swedish modal particles in a contrastive perspective. In: Language Sciences 18, 393–427.
[3] Aijmer, Karin (1999): Epistemic possibility in an English-Swedish contrastive perspective. In: Hilde Hasselgård – Signe Oksefjell (eds.): Out of corpora. Amsterdam & Atlanta: Rodopi, 301–23.
[4] Aijmer, Karin (2002): Modality in advanced Swedish learners' written interlanguage. In: Sylviane Granger – Joseph Hung – Stephanie Petch-Tyson (eds.): Computer learner corpora, second language acquisition and foreign language teaching. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 55–76.
[5] Andvik, Erik (1992): A pragmatic analysis of Norwegian modal particles. Arlington: The Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of Texas.
[6] Ayoun, Dalila (2013): The second language acquisition of French tense, aspect, mood and modality. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing.
[7] Berthelin, Signe Rix – Borthen, Kaja (2019): The semantics and pragmatics of Norwegian sentence - internal jo. In: Nordic Journal of Linguistics 42, 3–30.
[8] Bogusławski, Andrzej (2003): 'Może’ i 'być może’. In: Jadwiga Linde-Usiekniewicz – Romuald Huszcza (eds.): Prace językoznawcze dedykowane Profesor Jadwidze Sambor. Warszawa: Wydział Polonistyki Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, 11–43.
[9] Borthen, Kaja, Ree, Nils Arne – Robbins, Sissel (2016): Pragmatiske partikler i norsk som andrespråk: Hvordan undervise om etterstilt 'da’? In 7th national conference on Norwegian as a second language. Trondheim.
[10] Boye, Kasper (2013): Modality. In: Carol Chapelle (ed.): Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics. John Wiley and Sons, 4060–64.
[11] Bross, Fabian (2012): German modal particles and the common ground. In: Helikon. A Multidisciplinary Online Journal 2, 182–209.
[12] Cieślawska, Anna. (2016). Ja så var det vel det da! Norske modalpartikler i dialoger i Folk og røvere i Kardemomme by og dens polske oversettelse, bachelor's thesis, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań.
[13] Degand, Liesbeth, Cornillie, Bert – Pietrandrea, Paola (2013): Discourse markers and modal particles: categorization and description. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing.
[14] Diewald, Gabriele (2007): Abtönungspartikel. In: Hoffmann Ludger (ed.): Handbuch der deutschen Wortarten. Berlin&New York: de Gruyter, 117–42.
[15] Ellis, Nick C. (2012): Formulaic language and second language acquisition: Zipf and the phrasal teddy bear. In: Annual review of applied linguistics 32, 17–44.
[16] Fischer, Kerstin (2007): Grounding and common ground: modal particles and their translation equivalents. In: Anita; Fischer Fetzer, Kerstin (ed.): Lexical markers of common grounds. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 47–66.
[17] Foolen, Ad (1996): Pragmatic particles. In: Jef Verschueren – Jan-Ola Östman – Jan Blommaert – Chris Bulcaen (eds.): Handbook of Pragmatics. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 1–24.
[18] Fretheim, Thorstein (2014): Et relevansteoretisk blikk på likheter og forskjeller mellom partiklene da og altså. In: Norsk Lingvistisk Tidsskrift 32, 197–256.
[19] Friberg, Jonas Horgen – Golden, Anne (2014): Norges største innvandrergruppe: Historien om migrasjon fra Polen til Norge og om andrespråkskorpuset ASK. In: NOA-Norsk som andrespråk 30, 11–23.
[20] Golden, Anne – Kulbrandstad, Lars Anders (2013): Peilinger i pronomen. In: Monica Axelsson – Marie Carlson – Qarin Franker – Karin Sandwall (eds.): Profession, politik, passion: Inger Lindberg som andraspråksforskare: En vänbok. Gothenburg: University of Gothenburg Press, 153–76.
[21] Golden, Anne, Kulbrandstad, Lars Anders – Tenfjord, Kari (2017): Evaluation of texts in tests, or: where is the dog buried? In: Anne Golden – Scott Jarvis – Kari Tenfjord (eds.): Crosslinguistic influence and distinctive patterns of language learning. Findings and insights from a learner corpus. Bristol: Multilingual Matters, 231–71.
[22] Harbert, Wayne (2007): The Germanic languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[23] Horbowicz, Paulina (2017): Adverbial Markers of Modality in Norwegian L1 and L2 Conversations. In: Folia Scandinavica Posnaniensia 23, 4–24.
[24] Horbowicz, Paulina – Janik, Marta Olga (2018): Norske pragmatiske partikler i andrespråksbruk. En studie på ASK-korpuset. In: Norsk Lingvistisk Tidsskrift 36, 451–73.
[25] Hoye, Leo (1997): Adverbs and modality in English. London: Longman.
[26] Hunston, Susan (2002): Pattern grammar, language teaching, and linguistic variation. In: Randi Reppen (ed.): Using corpora to explore linguistic variation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 167–83.
[27] Hyland, Ken – Milton, John (1997): Qualification and certainty in L1 and L2 students' writing. In: Journal of second language writing 6, 183–205.
[28] Jarvis, Scott (2000): Methodological Rigor in the Study of Transfer: Identifying L1 Influence in the Interlanguage Lexicon. In: Language Learning 50, 245–309.
[29] Jarvis, Scott (2010): Comparison-based and detection-based approaches to transfer research. In: Leah Roberts – Martin Howard – Muiris Ó Laoire – David Singleton (eds.): EUROSLA Yearbook 10. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 169–92.
[30] Jarvis, Scott – Pavlenko, Aneta (2008): Crosslinguistic influence in language and cognition. New York: Routledge.
[31] Johansson, Stig – Løken, Berit (1997): Some Norwegian discourse particles and their English correspondences. In: Carl Bache – Alex Klinge (eds.): Sounds, structures and senses: essays presented to Niels Davidsen-Nielsen on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday. Odense: Odense University Press, 149–70.
[32] Kellerman, Eric (1979): Transfer and non-transfer: where we are now. In: Studies in Second Language Acquisition 2, 37–57.
[33] Kisiel, Anna (2008): Z metogologi badań partyku – partykuła a struktura tematyczno-rematyczna. In: Prace Filologiczne 54, 185–98.
[34] Lind, Marianne. (1994). Pragmatiske partikler i diskursanalytisk perspektiv: jo, altså, vel, nå og da i et norsk talemålsmateriale, master’s thesis, University of Oslo.
[35] Lind, Marianne. (1996): Pragmatiske partikler i diskursanalytisk perspektiv. Bruken av partikkelen jo i et norsk talemålsmateriale. In: Kjartan Ottoson – Ruth Fjeld – Arne Torp (eds.): The Nordic Languages and Modern Linguistics. Proceedings of The Ninth International Conference of Nordic and General Linguistics. University of Oslo, January 11–12, 1995. Oslo: Novus, 177–90.
[36] Lorenz, Gunter (1998): Overstatement in advanced learners’ writing: Stylistic aspects of adjective intensification. In: Sylviane Granger – Geoffrey Leech (eds.): Learner English on computer. London/New York: Longman, 53–66.
[37] Mac Donald, Kirsti (1990): Når man mangler førstehåndskjennskap – en studie i modalitet; Små ord med stor betydning. In: Anne Golden – Kirsti Mac Donald – Bjørg Michalsen – Else Ryen (eds.): Hva er vanskelig i grammatikken? Sentrale emner i norsk som andrespråk. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 50–72.
[38] Möllering, Martina (2001): Teaching German modal particles: a corpus-based approach. In: Language Learning & Technology 5, 130–51.
[39] Nuyts, Jan (2016): Analyses of modal meaning. In: Jan Nuyts – Johan van der Auwera (eds.): Oxford Handbook of Modality and Mood. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[40] Odlin, Terence (1989): Language transfer: cross-linguistic influence in language learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[41] Palmer, Frank Robert (2001): Mood and modality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[42] Petch-Tyson, Stephanie (1998): Reader/writer visibility in EFL persuasive writing. In: Sylviane Granger – Geoffrey Leech (eds.): Learner English on computer. London/New York: Longman, 107–18.
[43] Portner, Paul (2009): Modality. Oxford University Press.
[44] Rozumko, Agata (2013): Modal adverbs, particles and discourse markers across languages. Recent attempts at delimiting the categories in Anglophone and Polish linguistics. In: Białostockie Archiwum Językowe 13, 289–93.
[45] Schachter, Jacquelyn (1974): An error in Error Analysis. In: Language Learning 24, 205–14.
[46] Solberg, Torgerd (1990): Modalpartikler i norsk. In: Norskrift 69.
[47] Svensson, Snorre Karkkonen (2012): Modalitet og rammeverksnivåene. In: Cecilie Carlsen (ed.): Norsk profil. Det felles europeiske rammeverket spesifisert for norsk. Et første steg. Oslo: Novus, 159–87.
[48] Szulc-Brzozowska, Magdalena (2010): Zur semantisch-pragmatischen Erweiterung der Abtönungsfunktion bei polnischen Modalpartikeln aus kontrastiver Sicht (Deutsch-Polnisch). In: Linguistik Online 44, 19–28.
[49] Szymańska, Oliwia. (2010). Engelske og polske ekvivalenter av norske modalpartikler jo, da, vel, nok, visst - en kontrastiv analyse, master’s thesis, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan. Tenfjord, Kari, Hagen, Jon Erik – Johansen, Hilde (2009): Norsk andrespråkskorpus (ASK)-design og metodiske forutsetninger. In: NOA - norsk som andrespråk 25, 52–81.
[50] Traugott, Elizabeth Closs (2007): Discussion article: Discourse markers, modal particles, and contrastive analysis, synchronic and diachronic. In: Catalan journal of linguistics 6, 139–57.
[51] Von Fintel, Kai (2006): Modality and language. In: Donald M Borchert (ed.): Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Detroit/New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 20–27
[52] Wray, Alison (1999): Formulaic language in learners and native speakers. In: Language Teaching 32, 213–31.
[53] Wray, Alison (2005): Formulaic language and the lexicon. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.