Title: Principy a dilemata informační etiky : svoboda slova, právo na informace a cenzura v kontextu problému dezinformace
Variant title:
- Principles and dilemmas of information ethics : freedom of speech, right to information and censorship in the context of disinformation
Source document: ProInflow. 2019, vol. 11, iss. 1, pp. [70]-78
Extent
[70]-78
-
ISSN1804-2406 (online)
Persistent identifier (DOI): https://doi.org/10.5817/ProIn2019-1-6
Stable URL (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/140912
Type: Article
Language
License: Not specified license
Notice: These citations are automatically created and might not follow citation rules properly.
Abstract(s)
Účel – Cílem článku je identifikovat v rámci filosofie a informační vědy formulované principy informační etiky; prozkoumat pojem dezinformace a jeho roli v principech informační etiky; rozčlenit jednotlivé oblasti informační etiky podle jednotného kritéria; identifikovat možná dilemata a určit, jakou roli v těchto dilematech hraje dezinformace; aplikovat principy informační etiky na řešení základních dilemat informační etiky. Design/metodologie/přístup – Postupujeme od induktivně stanoveného problému (problém dezinformování) k hledání teoretických východisek (koncept dezinformace, principy informační etiky, oblasti informační etika a s nimi spjatá dilemata), která uvádíme do vzájemného vztahu, aby je bylo možné aplikovat na problém, a tak napomoci jeho řešení. Výsledky – Pro řešení problémů spojených s desinformováním jsou vhodné principy pracující s pojmem informace/entropie. Dilemata napříč informační etikou vedou mezi právem na informace (informace jako zdroj), svobodou slova (informace jako produkt) a cenzurou (informace jako cíl). Nezávislost informace na pravdivosti (alethická neutralita) selhává při řešení problému dezinformace. Originalita/hodnota – Jedná se o ojedinělou snahu řešit problém dezinformování pomocí teoretického nástroje.
Purpose – The aim of the study is to identify principles of information ethics formulated in philosophy and information science; to explore the concept of disinformation and its role in the principles of information ethics; to distinguish the different areas of information ethics according to a uniform criterion; describe them in a comprehensive way, identify possible dilemmas and determine the role of disinformation in these dilemmas; to apply the principles of information ethics to addressing basic dilemmas of information ethics. Design/methodology/approach – We proceed from the inductively defined problem (the problem of disinformation) to the search for the theoretical basis (the concept of disinformation, the principles of information ethics, the field of information ethics and related dilemmas), which we relate in order to apply them to the problem and thus help to solve it. Results – To solve problems related to disinformation, principles working with the concept of information/entropy are suitable. Dilemmas across information ethics lead between the right to information (information as a resource), the freedom of speech (information as a product) and censorship (information as a target). Independence of information from truthfulness (alethic neutrality) fails to solve the disinformation problem. Originality/value – This is a unique effort to solve the problem of disinformation through a theoretical tool.
References
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[2] Capurro, R. & Hjørland, B. (2003). The concept of information. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology. 37, 343-411. | DOI 10.1002/aris.1440370109
[3] Case, D. O. (2006). Looking for information: A survey on research on information seeking, needs, and behavior. London: Academic Press.
[4] Cornelius, I. 2002. Theorizing information for information science. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 2002, 36, 393-425.
[5] Činčera, J. (2002). Informační etika: Sylabus k bakalářskému studiu informační vědy. Brno: Masarykova univerzita.
[6] Day, R. E. (2001). The modern invention of information. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
[7] Dretske, F. I. (1981). Knowledge and the flow of information. Cambridge: MIT Press.
[8] Fallis, D. (2015). The concept of disinformation. In Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology (4720-4727). Hershey: Information Science Reference.
[9] Fallis, D. (2009). A conceptual analysis of disinformation. In iConference. Dostupné z: https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/handle/2142/15205.
[10] Fetzer, J. H. (2004). Disinformation: The use of false information. Mind and Machines, 14(2), 231-240. | DOI 10.1023/B:MIND.0000021683.28604.5b
[11] FETZER, J. H. (2004a). 'Information: does it have to be true?'. Minds and Machines, 14(2), 223–229. | DOI 10.1023/B:MIND.0000021682.61365.56
[12] Floridi, L. (2013). The ethics of information. London: Oxford University Press.
[13] Floridi, L. (2011). Semantic conceptions of information, Dostupné z: http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2011/entries/information-semantic/.
[14] Floridi, L. (2011a). The philosophy of information. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[15] Floridi, L. (2006). Information ethics, its nature and scope. SIGCAS Computers and Society, 36(3), 21–36. | DOI 10.1145/1195716.1195719
[16] Fox, C. J. (1983). Information and misinformation: An investigation of the notions of information, misinformation, informing and misinforming. Westport: Greenwood Press.
[17] Frohmann, B. (2004). Deflating information: From science studies to documentation. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
[18] Janoš, K. (1993). Informační etika. Praha: Univerzita Karlova.
[19] Scaratino, A. & Piccini, G. (2010). Information without truth. Metaphilosophy, 41(3), 314-329.
[20] Severson, R. J. (1997). The principles of information ethics. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe.
[21] Stodola, J. (2016). Abortion as a problem of information macroethics. Journal of Information Ethics, 25(2), 115-127.
[22] Stodola, J. (2016a). Principy informační etiky. ProInflow, 8(2), 70-84. Dostupné z: http://www.phil.muni.cz/journals/index.php/proinflow/article/view/1532/1802.
[23] Stodola, J. (2015). Filosofie informace - metateoretická analýza pojmu informace a hlavních paradigmat informační vědy. Brno: Masarykova univerzita.
[24] Stodola, J. (2011). Rekonstruktivní hermeneutika jako obecná metodologie informační vědy. ProInflow, 3(1), 19-50. Dostupné z: http://www.phil.muni.cz/journals/index.php/proinflow/article/view/849.
[25] Stodola, J. (2010). Analýza pojmu informace a jeho klasifikace s užitím aristotelské filosofie. ProInflow, 2(1). Dostupné z: http://www.phil.muni.cz/journals/index.php/proinflow/article/view/868.