Title: Archeologické doklady importu benátského theriaku do jižních Čech
Variant title:
- Archaeological evidence of the import of Venetian theriac to South Bohemia
- Archäologische Belege für den Import von venezianischem Theriak nach Südböhmen
Source document: Archaeologia historica. 2023, vol. 48, iss. 2, pp. 685-692
Extent
685-692
-
ISSN0231-5823 (print)2336-4386 (online)
Persistent identifier (DOI): https://doi.org/10.5817/AH2023-2-17
Stable URL (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/digilib.78664
Type: Article
Language
Summary language
License: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International
Notice: These citations are automatically created and might not follow citation rules properly.
Abstract(s)
Univerzální lék a protijed označovaný jako theriak byl od 16. století ve velkém množství produkován desítkami lékáren v italských Benátkách. Stal se také ceněným obchodním artiklem, který se prostřednictvím dálkového obchodu z Benátek vyvážel do řady oblastí, přičemž dokladem dovozu theriaku na naše území jsou především kovové uzávěry obalů (dóz), v nichž byl theriak distribuován. Díky opisům a zobrazeným symbolům většinou lze identifikovat konkrétní lékárny a někdy i jejich bližší chronologické zařazení. Článek přináší popis šesti takovýchto uzávěrů, které byly nalezeny v jižních Čechách a předány do sbírkotvorných institucí. Součástí popisu uzávěrů jsou také výsledky rentgenfluorescenční analýzy složení použité slitiny.
The universal medicine and antidote known as theriac was produced in large quantities by dozens of pharmacies in Venice, Italy from the 16th century onwards. It also became a valued commercial item, exported by long-distance trade from Venice to many regions, and the evidence of the import of theriac to the Czech lands comes mainly from the metal tops of the vessels (jars) in which it was distributed. The inscriptions and symbols usually make it possible to identify particular pharmacies and sometimes even their more specific chronological classification. The article describes six such tops that were found in South Bohemia and transferred to collecting institutions. The description of the tops also includes the results of the X-ray fluorescence analysis of the composition of the alloy used.
References
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[2] CATELLANI, P.–CONSOLE, R., 2007: The rise and fall of mithridatium and theriac in pharmaceutical texts, Pharmaceutical Historian 37(1), 2–9.
[3] DI GENNARO-SPLENDORE, B., 2021: The Triumph of Theriac, Nuncius 36, 431–470. https://doi.org/10.1163/18253911-03602008
[4] EZIO, V., 2021: Aspetti storici e culturali della theriaca a Padova in età moderna. Master thesis, Università degli Studi di Padova.
[5] FURMAN, M.–HUNKA, J., 2020: Benátsky theriak zo Strážova pri Žiline, Denarius 8, 100–106.
[6] KLEIN, U., 2005: Von Paradies zu Paradies: Theriak und Theriak-Kapseln, Schweizer Münzblätter 55 (Heft 218), 35–42.
[7] KLEIN, U., 2010: Weitere Theriak-Kapseln, Schweizer Münzblätter 60 (Heft 239), 71–79.
[8] KOSTYLO, J., 2015: Pharmacy as a centre for Protestant reform in Renaissance Venice, Renaissance Studies 30, 236–253. https://doi.org/10.1111/rest.12141
[9] LAUGHRAN, M. A., 2003: Medicating With or Without "Scruples": The "Professionalization" of the Apothecary in Sixteenth-Century Venice, Pharmacy in History 45(3), 95–107.
[10] PALMER, R., 1985: Pharmacy in the republic of Venice in the sixteenth century. In: The medical renaissance of the sixteenth century (Wear, A.–French, R. K.–Lonie, I. M., edd.), 100–117. Cambridge.
[11] PARASCHIV-GRIGORE, E., 2017–2018: Theriac lids from the National History Museum of Romania collections, Cercetări numismatice XXIII–XXIV, 137–142.
[12] PARRISH, S. D., 2015: Marketing Nature: Apothecaries, Medicinal Retailing, and Scientific Culture in Early Modern Venice, 1565–1730. Dissertation, Duke University.
[13] VLADIMIROVA-ALADZHOVA, D., 2012: Lid for Theriac Drug Jars from Melnik (Southwest Bulgaria). In: HPAKΛEOYΣ ΣΩTHPOΣ ΘAΣIΩN, Studia in honorem Iliae Prokopov sexagenario ab amicis et discipulis dedicata (Paunov, E.–Filipova, S., edd.), 641–648. Veliko Tarnovo.
[14] WINTER, Z., 1913: Šat, strava a lékař v XV. a XVI. věku. Praha.