Title: On Albanian identity in the Late Ottoman Empire
Source document: Porta Balkanica. 2013, vol. 5, iss. 1, pp. [8]-16
Extent
[8]-16
-
ISSN1804-2449
Stable URL (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/135358
Type: Article
Language
License: Not specified license
Notice: These citations are automatically created and might not follow citation rules properly.
Abstract(s)
The scholarship on Albanian anthropology and national(ist) movement maintains that the Albanian-speakers at the end of the 19th and in the beginning of the 20th centuries clearly identified, categorized and understood themselves as the members of a particular ethno-cultural group (the Albanians – shqiptarët). Closer assessment reveals that the ethnic identity of externally categorized "Albanians" hardly appeared in the given historical period. Often Albanian-speakers considered their belonging to the religious community or the Ottoman state as far more important than any sort of affiliation with a cultural group. In other circumstances "Albanians" could be much more attached to their clan or region, without paying attention to how the latter were composed in terms of language and even religion. When certain cultural or linguistic identity, appeared, as in the case of “Albanian” elites striving to be "true Albanians" or Albanian-speakers distinguishing their linguistic fellows, it was rather situational and got overburdened by crosscutting social, territorial, tribal, religious and other meanings.
References
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[4] Konitza, Faik Bey. Memoir on the Albanian National Movement. 1899. Accessed June 20, 2012. http://www.albanianhistory.net/texts19_2/AH1899_2.html
[5] Vasa, Pashko. E vërteta për Shqipërinë dhe shqiptarët [The Truth on Albania and the Albanians]. Tiranë: Argeta–LMG, 2010.
[6] Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflections on The Origins and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verslo, 1991.
[7] Barth, Fredrik. Introduction to Ethnic Groups and Boundaries: The social organization of cultural difference, ed. Fredrik Barth, 9–37. Bergen: Universitetsforlagen, 1969.
[8] Brubaker, Rogers and Cooper, Frederick. "Beyond 'Identity.'" In Rogers Brubaker, Ethnicity without Groups, 28–62. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2004.
[9] Clayer, Natalie. "The Myth of Ali Pasha and the Bektashis: The Construction of an "Albanian Bektashi National History." In Albanian Identities. Myth and History, edited by Stephanie Schwandner-Sievers et al., 12–133. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2002.
[10] Demiraj, Bardhyl. Shqiptar [Albanian]. Tirane: Naimi, 2010.
[11] Duijzings, Ger. Religion and the Politics of Idenity in Kosovo. New York: Columbia University, 2000.
[12] Gawrych, George W. The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman Rule, Islam and Albanians, 1874–1913. London: I.B. Tauris, 2006.
[13] Geary, Patrick J. The Myth of Nations: The Medieval origins of Europe. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002.
[14] Gellner, Ernest. Nationalism. London: Phoenix, 1998.
[15] Greenfield, Leah. "Etymology, Definitions, Types." In Encyclopedia of Nationalism, vol. 1, edited by Alexander J. Motyl, 251–265. San Diego: Academic Press, 2000.
[16] Ivanova, Irina. Albantsy i ih sosedi [The Albanians and their neighbours] (Moskva: Nauka, 2006).
[17] Jezernik, Božidar. [Comments on Robert M. Hayden, "Antagonistic Tolerance"], Current Anthropology, 43:2, (2002): 221–222.
[18] Kidd, Colin. "Identity before Identities: Ethnicity, Nationalism and the Historian." In History and Nation, edited by Julia Rudolph, 9–44. Cranbury: Associated University Press, 2006.
[19] Kiel, Michael. "The Nature of the Turkish Conquest and its Impact on the Balkans: Destroyer or bearer of culture." In Michael Kiel, Art and Society of Bulgaria in the Turkish Period, 33–55. Maastricht: van Gorcum, 1985.
[20] Malešević, Siniša. Identity as Ideology: Understanding Ethnicity and Nationalism. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
[21] Mazower, Mark. The Balkans. London: Phoenix Press, 2001.
[22] Mentzel, Peter. "Millets, States, and National identity." Nationalities Papers 28:1 (2000): 199–204.
[23] Misha, Piro. Arrtisja nga burgjet e historise. [The Break out of the Prisons of the History]. Tirane: Toena, 2008.
[24] Skendi, Stavro. The Albanian National Awakening 1878–1912. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1967.
[25] Smith., Anthony D. Myths and Memories of the Nation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.