Title: Meeting death in childhood
Source document: Graeco-Latina Brunensia. 2018, vol. 23, iss. 1, pp. 5-19
Extent
5-19
-
ISSN1803-7402 (print)2336-4424 (online)
Persistent identifier (DOI): https://doi.org/10.5817/GLB2018-1-1
Stable URL (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/138094
Type: Article
Language
License: Not specified license
Notice: These citations are automatically created and might not follow citation rules properly.
Abstract(s)
In ancient societies the mortality rate was at a far higher level than as we know it today. Especially childhood was a very dangerous phase of life and children were faced with death much more often – as potential victims or as witnesses of death in their family or community. Death was a rather common occurrence, and not some distant abstract concept. The Romans considered childhood a tender age requiring forming and protection. Can there be found any forms of "protection from death" – ritual, physical or psychological? And more importantly – can we (using an interdisciplinary approach) learn more about these children as witnesses of death in Roman society and about the children's experience with death and their agency when facing it?
References
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[23] Barton, T. (1994). Ancient astrology. London ‒ New York: Routledge.
[24] Bradley, K. R. (2005). The Roman Child in Sickness and Health. In M. George (Ed.), The Roman Family in the Empire. Rome, Italy and Beyond (pp. 67‒92). Oxford: University Press.
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[28] Dasen, V. (2009). Roman Birth Rites of Passage Revisited. Journal of Roman Archaeology, 22, 199‒214. | DOI 10.1017/S1047759400020663
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[31] Graumann, L. A. (2017). Children's accidents in the Roman Empire. In Ch. Laes, & V. Vuolanto (Eds.), Children and everyday life in the Roman and late antique world (pp. 267‒286). New York: Routledge.
[32] Hännien, M. L. (2005). From Womb to Family. Rituals and Social Conventions Connected to Roman Birth. In K. Mustakallio et al. (Eds.), Hoping for Continuity: Childhood, Education and Death in Antiquity and the Middle Ages (pp. 49‒60). Rome: Inst. Romanum Finlandiae.
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[34] Holman, S. R. (2009). Sick children and healing saints: Medical treatment of the child in Christian antiquity. In C. B. Horn, & R. Phenix (Eds.), Children in Late Ancient Christianity (Studien und Texte zu Antike und Christentum, 58; pp. 143‒170). Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck.
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[37] Hopkins, K. (1983). Death and Renewal. Cambridge: University Press.
[38] Horn, C. B., & Martens, J. W. (2009). 'Let the Little Children Come to Me': Childhood and Children in Early Christianity. Washington DC: The Catholic University of America Press.
[39] Huskinson, J. (2005). Disappearing children? Children in Roman funerary art of the first to the fourth century AD. In K. Mustakallio et al. (Eds.), Hoping for Continuity: Childhood, Education and Death in Antiquity and the Middle Ages (pp. 91‒103). Rome: Inst. Romanum Finlandiae.
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[41] Laes, Ch. (2004). Children and Accidents in Roman Antiquity. Ancient Society, 34, 153‒170. | DOI 10.2143/AS.34.0.505239
[42] Laes, Ch. (2011a). Grieving for Lost Children, Pagan and Christian. In B. Rawson (Ed.), A Companion to Families in the Greek and Roman Worlds (pp. 315‒330). Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell.
[43] Laes, Ch. (2011b). Children in Roman Empire: outsiders whithin. Cambridge: University Press.
[44] Laes, Ch., & Vuolanto, V. (Eds.). (2017). Children and everyday life in the Roman and late antique world. New York: Routledge.
[45] Larsson Lovén, L. (2013). Children and childhood in Roman commemorative art. In J. E. Grubbs, T. Parkin, & R. Bell (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Childhood and Education in the Classical World (pp. 302‒321). Oxford: University Press.
[46] Laurence, R. (2005). Health and the Life Course at Herculaneum and Pompeii. In H. King (Ed.), Health in Antiquity (pp. 83‒96). London: Routledge.
[47] Martin-Kilcher, S. (2000). Mors immatura in the Roman world – a mirror of society tradition. In J. Pearce, M. Millet, & M. Struck (Eds.), Burial, society and context in the Roman world (pp. 63‒77). Oxford: Oxbow Books.
[48] Mattern, S. P. (2008). Galen and the rhetoric of healing. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.
[49] McGinn, T. A. J. (2013). Roman children and the law. In J. E. Grubbs, T. Parkin, & R. Bell (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Childhood and Education in the Classical World (pp. 341‒360). Oxford: University Press.
[50] McWilliams, J. (2001). Children among the dead: the influence of urban life on the commemoration of children on tombstone inscriptions. In S. Dixon (Ed.), Childhood, Class and Kin in the Roman World (pp. 74‒98). London ‒ New York: Routledge.
[51] Morley, N. (2005). The Salubriousness of Roman City. In H. King (Ed.), Health in Antiquity (pp. 192‒204). London: Routledge.
[52] Morris, I. (1992). Death-ritual and social structure in classical antiquity. Cambridge: University Press.
[53] Noy, D. (2011). 'Goodbye Livia': Dying in the Roman Home. In J. Huskinson, & V. Hope (Eds.), Memory and Mourning: Studies on Roman Death (pp. 1‒20). Havertown: Oxbow Books.
[54] Nutton, V. (2000). Medicine. In A. K. Bowman, P. D. A. Garnsey, & D. Rathbone (Eds.), The Cambridge Ancient History, XI: The High Empire, A.D. 70‒192 (pp. 943‒968). Cambridge: University Press.
[55] Nutton, V. (2013). Ancient Medicine (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge.
[56] Parkin, T. (2013). The Demography of Infancy and Early Childhood in the Ancient World. In J. E. Grubbs (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Childhood and Education in the Classical World (pp. 40‒61). Oxford: University Press.
[57] Rawson, B. (2003). Children and childhood in Roman Italy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[58] Saller, R. P. (1986). Patria potestas and the stereotype of the Roman family. Continuity and Change, 1, 7‒22. | DOI 10.1017/S0268416000000059
[59] Scheidel, W. (2007). Epigraphy and demography: birth, marriage, family, and death. Princeton/Stanford Working Papers in Classics [retrieved 02.05.2018 from https://www.princeton.edu/~pswpc/pdfs/scheidel/060701.pdf].
[60] Scheidel, W. (2009a). The demographic background. In S. R. Hübner, & D. M. Ratzan (Eds.), Growing up fatherless in antiquity (pp. 31‒40). Cambridge: University Press.
[61] Scheidel, W. (2009b). Population and Demography. In A. Erskine (Ed.), A Companion to Ancient History (pp. 134‒145). Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell.
[62] Scheidel, W. (2009c). Demography and sociology. In G. Boys-Stones, B. Graziosi, & P. Vasunia (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of Hellenic studies (pp. 665‒677). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[63] Scheidel, W. (2013). Disease and death. In P. Erdkamp (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to ancient Rome (pp. 45‒59). Cambridge: University Press.
[64] Shaw, B. D. (1996). Seasons of death: aspects of mortality in imperial Rome. Journal of Roman Studies, 86, 100‒138. | DOI 10.1017/S0075435800057452
[65] Skřejpek, M. (2005). Moc bez hranic? (Právo otce římské rodiny nad životem a smrtí). Právní rozhledy, 15, 549‒557.
[66] Southon, E. (2012). Fatherhood in Late Antique Gaul. In M. Harlow, & L. Larsson Lovén (Eds.), Families in the Roman and Late Antique World (pp. 238‒253). London ‒ New York: Continuum.
[67] Thorová, K. (2015). Vývojová psychologie: proměny lidské psychiky od početí po smrt. Praha: Portál.
[68] Ulrichová, M. (2010). Smrt – krize a kairos smyslu: Logoterapeutická perspektiva. In J. Bednaříková et al., Krize a kairos: společenské výzvy (pp. 105‒120). Červený Kostelec: Pavel Mervart.
[69] Ulrichová, M. (2014). Hledání smyslu ve smrti a umírání. Ostrava: Moravapress.
[70] Vial-Dumas, M. (2014). Parents, Children, and Law: Patria Potestas and Emancipation in the Christian Mediterranean during Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages. Journal of Family History, 39(4), 307‒329. | DOI 10.1177/0363199014554862
[71] Volk, A. A., & Atkinson, J. A. (2008). Is child death the crucible of human evolution? Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psychology, 2(4), 247‒260. | DOI 10.1037/h0099341
[72] Volk, A. A., & Atkinson, J. A. (2013). Infant and child death in the human environment of evolutionary adaptation. Evolution and Human Behaviour, 34, 182‒192. | DOI 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2012.11.007
[73] Wiedemann, T. (1989). Adults and Children in the Roman Empire. New York: Routledge.
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