Title: Genealogie mudrců v renesančním myšlení: Prisca sapientia
Source document: Pro-Fil. 2011, vol. 12, iss. 1, pp. [42]-60
Extent
[42]-60
-
ISSN1212-9097
Persistent identifier (DOI): https://doi.org/10.5817/pf12-1-148
Stable URL (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/139036
Type: Article
Language
License: Not specified license
Notice: These citations are automatically created and might not follow citation rules properly.
Abstract(s)
Článek představuje renesanční pohled na původ vědění. Renesanční doba totiž oživila starou představu pocházející z antiky, že pravda byla zjevena na počátku lidských dějin bohem či bohy. Tato idea dávné moudrosti (prisca sap.) přetrvávala během středověku, ale novou brizanci získala po koncilu ve Ferraře a Florencii. Tam se totiž objevil byzantský filosof Pléthón, který se domníval, že nejstarším mudrcem byl Zoroaster. Další genealogie mudrců najdeme u největších představitelů renesančního platonismu – M. Ficina a Pica della Mirandola. Ficino preferoval nejdříve posloupnost, v níž byl prvním Hermés, pak se přiklonil k variantě, kde byl první Zoroaster. Podobné úvahy se objevují i u Pica a dalších autorů. Vždy jde ale o to, že současný stav společnosti a vědění je špatný a pro pravou pravdu je nutné obrátit se do dávné minulosti lidského rodu.
The article present the Renaissance concept of the origins of knowledge. Usually the Renaissance is presented as an effort to revive the legacy of ancient Greece and Rome. The Renaissance philosophers and writers, however, believed that true wisdom had been born in Orient before rise of the Greek civilization. The authors of Renaissance period revived an old conception stemming from late antiquity that truth had been revealed at the dawn of human history by God or gods to first human sages and legislators. This idea of ancient wisdom (prisca sapientia) had survived during the Middle Ages but it got new attractibility after the council of Ferrara and Florence. The council was visited by the famous Byzantine philosopher Plethon who argued that the oldest sage had been Zoroaster. Subsequent further genealogies of wisdom were presented by the representatives of Renaissance platonism – M. Ficino, P. della Mirandola. Ficino firstly preferred genealogy beginning with Hermes, later he inclined to think that the first sage had been Zoroaster. Similiar ideas can be found in Mirandola's works and other authors. The background for such a kind of genealogies was always formed by conviction that the present state of both society and knowledge has been corrupted. For the true knowledge and for better rules of government it is necessary to turn back in the ancient past of humankind.