Symbolika v českých a polských somatických frazémech s lexémy sluch/słuch a ucho a jejich vzájemná ekvivalence

The use of names of senses and sense organs as a basic component of so-called somatisms, i.e. phraseological units referring to human (animal) body/organism and its functions has a long history which goes back to ancient times. As a linguist and a Slavic studies specialist, the author of this article examines the fact that such phraseological expressions exist in closely related languages and investigates the issue of their equivalence – their mutual translatability. Phraseological expressions play an essential role in the teaching of Czech or Polish and in the work of translators of these languages, since learning, active knowledge and awareness of the content of rich phraseology, which has great semantic significance, are equally important as the knowledge of the vocabulary. In the course of the investigation, the author of this article indicates the meaning, sense and symbolism of hearing and ear in world cultures, excerpts 61 (7+54) Czech and Polish phrasemes and 6 proverbs containing these lexemes from available 'classic' dictionaries in which the particular sense sluch/słuch [hearing] and sense organ ucho [ear] make the main entry, orders and compares them in terms of equivalence, and presents the quantitative statistical data by means of three graphs.