Název: Leśniewského pojetí jmen jako třídových jmen
Variantní název:
- Leśniewski's concept of names as class names
Zdrojový dokument: Pro-Fil. 2019, roč. 20, č. 2, s. 2-14
Rozsah
2-14
-
ISSN1212-9097 (online)
Trvalý odkaz (DOI): https://doi.org/10.5817/pf19-2-1904
Trvalý odkaz (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/141790
Type: Článek
Jazyk
Licence: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International
Upozornění: Tyto citace jsou generovány automaticky. Nemusí být zcela správně podle citačních pravidel.
Abstrakt(y)
Stanisław Leśniewski postuloval systém logiky a základu matematiky, jenž se do značné míry liší od systému, který navrhli Russell a Whitehead ve své knize Principia Mathematica. Velmi odlišný je zejména Leśniewského kalkul jmen a pojetí jmen, jež jsou jeho součástí. Russellova teorie deskripcí hrála v historii filozofie nesrovnatelně důležitější roli než Leśniewského teorie, proto se snažili někteří Leśniewského pokračovatelé přiblížit Leśniewského pojetí jmen Russellově teorii. Existuje hned několik takových návrhů, tento článek se ale zaměřuje pouze na interpretaci, kterou navrhl Arthur N. Prior. Prior interpretoval Leśniewského pojetí jmen jako třídová jména (class names). Tato interpretace je odmítána tak významnými badateli, jako je Peter Simons nebo Rafal Urbaniak. Podle Simonse neodpovídají třídová jména Leśniewského pojetí ontologie. Urbaniak o třídových jménech napsal, že Prior představil svou interpretaci nejasně. Cílem tohoto článku je ukázat, že pokud je na celý problém nahlíženo z formálního hlediska, může mít Priorovo pojetí opodstatnění.
Stanisław Leśniewski developed a system of logic and foundations of mathematics that considerably differs from Russell and Whitehead's system. The difference between these two approaches to logic is significant primarily in the case of Leśniewski's calculus of names, Ontology, and the concept of names that it contains. Russell's theory of descriptions played a much more important role than Leśniewski's concept of names in the history of philosophy. In response to that, several researchers aimed to approximate Leśniewski's concept of names to Russell's theory. There are several such attempts. This paper presents an interpretation that was suggested by Arthur Prior. Prior interpreted Leśniewskian names as class names. This interpretation was rejected by such prominent Leśniewskian scholars as Peter Simons or Rafal Urbaniak. According to Simons, class names oppose Leśniewski's ontological views. Urbaniak claimed that Prior's interpretation of Leśniewskian names as class names is unclear. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that from the formal point of view, Prior's interpretation could be justified.
Note
Tento článek vznikl na základě mého studia na Varšavské univerzitě, jež bylo umožněno stipendiem Mezinárodního Visegrádského Fondu, kterému tímto děkuji za podporu. Rovněž bych chtěla poděkovat svému hostiteli na Varšavské univerzitě Tadeuszovi Ciecierskému a účastníkům mé přednášky v rámci semináře ZnakJęzyk-Rzeczywitość za jejich přínosné komentáře k předchozí verzi tohoto článku. Za užitečné připomínky děkuji také recenzentům předchozí verze mého článku.
Reference
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[3] Geach, P. T. – Kenny, A. J. P. (1971): Editorial Note, in Geach, P. T. – Kenny, A. J. P. (eds.) Objects of Thought, Clarendon Press, vii–ix.
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[20] Rickey, V. F. (1975): Creative Definitions in Propositional Calculi, Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 14(2), 273–293, dostupné na: < https://doi.org/10.1305/ndjfl/1093891710 >. | DOI 10.1305/ndjfl/1093891710
[21] Rickey, V. F. (1998a): A Survey of Leśniewski's Logic, in Srzednicki, J. T. J. – Stachniak, Z. (eds.) Leśniewski's Systems: Protothetic, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 23–42.
[22] Rickey, V. F. (1998b): Axiomatic Inscriptional Syntax. Part II: The Syntax of Protothetic, in Srzednicki, J. T. J. – Stachniak, Z. (eds.) Leśniewski's Systems: Protothetic, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 217–288.
[23] Sagal, P. T. (1973): On How Best to Make Sense of Lesniewski's Ontology, Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 14(2), 259–262, dostupné na: < https://doi.org/10.1305/ndjfl/1093890901 >. | DOI 10.1305/ndjfl/1093890901
[24] Simons, P. (1982): On Understanding Leśniewski, History and Philosophy of Logic 3(2), 165–191, dostupné na: < https://doi.org/10.1080/01445348208837038 >. | DOI 10.1080/01445348208837038
[25] Simons, P. (1998): Nominalism in Poland, in Srzednicki, J. T. J. – Stachniak, Z. (eds.) Leśniewski's Systems: Protothetic, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 1–22.
[26] Simons, P. (2015): Stanisław Leśniewski, in Zalta, E. N. (ed.) The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy [online], 2005-11-27, rev. 2015-11-10 [cit. 2017-11-8], dostupné na: < https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2015/entries/lesniewski >.
[27] Słupecki, J. (1984): S. Leśniewski's Calculus of Names, in Srzednicki, J. T. J. – Rickey, V. F. (eds.) Leśniewski's Systems: Ontology and Mereology, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 59–122.
[28] Sobociński, B. (1953–1965): Letters from Sobocinski to Prior, nevydané dopisy dostupné v Priorově pozůstalosti v Bodleyově knihovně v Oxfordu, box 3.
[29] Sobociński, B. (1998): An Investigation of Protothetic, in Srzednicki, J. T. J. – Stachniak, Z. (eds.) Leśniewski's Systems: Protothetic, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 69–83.
[30] Urbaniak, R. (2008): Leśniewski and Russell's Paradox: Some Problems, History and Philosophy of Logic 29(2), 115–146, dostupné na: < https://doi.org/10.1080/01445340701550817 >. | DOI 10.1080/01445340701550817
[31] Urbaniak, R. (2014): Leśniewski's System of Logic and Foundations of Mathematics, Springer.
[32] Whitehead, A. N. – Russell, B. (1964) Principia mathematica. 56. Cambridge University Press.
[33] Woleński, J. (1985): Filozoficzna szkoła Lwowsko-Warszawska, Państwowe wydawnictwo naukowe.
[34] Woleński, J. (1999): Reism and Leśniewski's Ontology, in Woleński, J. Essays in the history of logic and logical philosophy, Jagiellonian University Press, 13–21.
[2] Ajdukiewicz, K. (1978b): Syntactic Connexion, in Giedymin, J. (ed.) The Scientific WorldPerspective and Other Essays, 1931–1963, Reidel Publishing Company, 118–139.
[3] Geach, P. T. – Kenny, A. J. P. (1971): Editorial Note, in Geach, P. T. – Kenny, A. J. P. (eds.) Objects of Thought, Clarendon Press, vii–ix.
[4] Irvine, A. D. – Deutsch, H. (2016): Russell's Paradox, in Zalta, E. N. (ed.) The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy [online], 1995-12-8, rev. 2016-11-18 [cit. 2019-6-15], dostupné na: < https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2016/entries/russell-paradox/ >.
[5] Ishimoto, A. (1977): A Propositional Fragment of Leśniewski's Ontology, Studia Logica 36(4), 285–299, dostupné na: < https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02120666 >. | DOI 10.1007/BF02120666
[6] Jadczak, R. (1993): Stanisław Leśniewski a Szkoła Lwowsko-Warszawska, Analecta 2/2(4), 29–38, dostupné na: < http://bazhum.muzhp.pl/media//files/Analecta_studia_i_materialy_z_dziejow_nauki/Analecta_studia_i_materialy_z_dziejow_nauki-r1993-t2-n2_(4)/Analecta_studia_i_materialy_z_dziejow_nauki-r1993-t2-n2_(4)-s29-38/Analecta_studia_i_materialy_z_dziejow_nauki-r1993-t2-n2_(4)-s29-38.pdf >.
[7] Lejewski, C. (1954–1968): Letters from Lejewski to Prior, nevydané dopisy dostupné v Priorově pozůstalosti v Bodleyově knihovně v Oxfordu, box 2.
[8] Lejewski, C. (1954a): Lejewski to Prior from 30. 11. 1954, nevydaný dopis dostupný v Priorově pozůstalosti v Bodleyově knihovně v Oxfordu, box 2.
[9] Lejewski, C. (1954b): Logic and Existence, The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 5(18), 104–119, dostupné na: < https://www.jstor.org/stable/685168 >.
[10] Lejewski, C. (1977): Systems of Leśniewski's Ontology with the Functor of Weak Inclusion as the Only Primitive Term, Studia Logica 36(4), 323–349, dostupné na: < https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02120669 >. | DOI 10.1007/BF02120669
[11] Lejewski, C. (1984): On Leśniewski Ontology, in Srzednicki, J. T. J. – Rickey, V. F. (eds.) Leśniewski's Systems: Ontology and Mereology, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 123–148.
[12] Leśniewski, S. (1992a): On the Foundations of Mathematics, in Surma, S. J. – Srzednicki, J. T. J. – Barnett, J. D. – Rickey, V. F. (eds.) Collected Works I, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 174–382.
[13] Leśniewski, S. (1992b): Fundamentals of a New System of the Foundations of Mathematics, in Surma, S. J. – Srzednicki, J. T. J. – Barnett, J. D. – Rickey, V. F. (eds.) Collected Works II, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 410–605.
[14] Prior, A. N. (1955): English and Ontology, British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 6(21), 64–65, dostupné na: < https://doi.org/10.1093/bjps/VI.21.64 >. | DOI 10.1093/bjps/VI.21.64
[15] Prior, A. N. (1955–1956): Definitions, Rules and Axioms, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 56, 199–216, dostupné na: < https://doi.org/10.1093/aristotelian/56.1.199 >. | DOI 10.1093/aristotelian/56.1.199
[16] Prior, A. N. (1957): Time and Modality, Clarendon Press.
[17] Prior, A. N. (1965): Existence in Lesniewśki and in Russell, Studies in Logic and the Foundations of Mathematics 40, 149–155, dostupné na: < https://doi.org/10.1016/S0049-237X(08)71687-2 >. | DOI 10.1016/S0049-237X(08)71687-2
[18] Prior, A. N. (1971): Objects of Thought, Clarendon Press.
[19] Russell, B. (1967): Popisy, in Russell B., Logika, jazyk a věda, Svoboda, 38–50.
[20] Rickey, V. F. (1975): Creative Definitions in Propositional Calculi, Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 14(2), 273–293, dostupné na: < https://doi.org/10.1305/ndjfl/1093891710 >. | DOI 10.1305/ndjfl/1093891710
[21] Rickey, V. F. (1998a): A Survey of Leśniewski's Logic, in Srzednicki, J. T. J. – Stachniak, Z. (eds.) Leśniewski's Systems: Protothetic, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 23–42.
[22] Rickey, V. F. (1998b): Axiomatic Inscriptional Syntax. Part II: The Syntax of Protothetic, in Srzednicki, J. T. J. – Stachniak, Z. (eds.) Leśniewski's Systems: Protothetic, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 217–288.
[23] Sagal, P. T. (1973): On How Best to Make Sense of Lesniewski's Ontology, Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 14(2), 259–262, dostupné na: < https://doi.org/10.1305/ndjfl/1093890901 >. | DOI 10.1305/ndjfl/1093890901
[24] Simons, P. (1982): On Understanding Leśniewski, History and Philosophy of Logic 3(2), 165–191, dostupné na: < https://doi.org/10.1080/01445348208837038 >. | DOI 10.1080/01445348208837038
[25] Simons, P. (1998): Nominalism in Poland, in Srzednicki, J. T. J. – Stachniak, Z. (eds.) Leśniewski's Systems: Protothetic, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 1–22.
[26] Simons, P. (2015): Stanisław Leśniewski, in Zalta, E. N. (ed.) The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy [online], 2005-11-27, rev. 2015-11-10 [cit. 2017-11-8], dostupné na: < https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2015/entries/lesniewski >.
[27] Słupecki, J. (1984): S. Leśniewski's Calculus of Names, in Srzednicki, J. T. J. – Rickey, V. F. (eds.) Leśniewski's Systems: Ontology and Mereology, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 59–122.
[28] Sobociński, B. (1953–1965): Letters from Sobocinski to Prior, nevydané dopisy dostupné v Priorově pozůstalosti v Bodleyově knihovně v Oxfordu, box 3.
[29] Sobociński, B. (1998): An Investigation of Protothetic, in Srzednicki, J. T. J. – Stachniak, Z. (eds.) Leśniewski's Systems: Protothetic, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 69–83.
[30] Urbaniak, R. (2008): Leśniewski and Russell's Paradox: Some Problems, History and Philosophy of Logic 29(2), 115–146, dostupné na: < https://doi.org/10.1080/01445340701550817 >. | DOI 10.1080/01445340701550817
[31] Urbaniak, R. (2014): Leśniewski's System of Logic and Foundations of Mathematics, Springer.
[32] Whitehead, A. N. – Russell, B. (1964) Principia mathematica. 56. Cambridge University Press.
[33] Woleński, J. (1985): Filozoficzna szkoła Lwowsko-Warszawska, Państwowe wydawnictwo naukowe.
[34] Woleński, J. (1999): Reism and Leśniewski's Ontology, in Woleński, J. Essays in the history of logic and logical philosophy, Jagiellonian University Press, 13–21.