Application de la methodologie de classes d'object a la description de phenomene de l'effacement argumental

The effacement issue has been always related to the domain of the rhetoric or the poetic, but - in fact - it is primarily the phenomenon of the syntactic structures. That is why there exists a lot of confusion concerning the definitions and the deficiency of the linguistic descriptions. The problematic of this article lies in the perspective of the contrastive French-Polish studies, the purpose of which is to propose the serviceable methodology in order to treat the omission of an N1 argument position (direct object) in all the complexity of this occurrence. This article, after some theoretical approach, aims at justifying the methodological choice by the presentation of the classes of objects as a method adjusted to the analysis of the ellipsis and effacement cases and showing his practical application in the linguistic descriptions that can be used for automatic language processing, especially for computer-aided translation.