Title: Stranger than fiction? : a few methodological notes on linguistic research in film discourse
Source document: Brno studies in English. 2011, vol. 37, iss. 1, pp. [41]-61
Extent
[41]-61
-
ISSN0524-6881 (print)1805-0867 (online)
Persistent identifier (DOI): https://doi.org/10.5817/BSE2011-1-3
Stable URL (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/118121
Type: Article
Language
License: Not specified license
Notice: These citations are automatically created and might not follow citation rules properly.
Abstract(s)
This theoretical essay addresses a number of methodological problems pertinent to linguistic research on film discourse. First of all, attention is paid to the interdependence between contemporary film discourse and everyday language, with a view to dispersing doubts about the former's legitimacy in language studies. Also, the discussion captures the interface between a character's identity portrayal and the target audience's socio-cultural background and expectations. Another objective is to elaborate a model of film discourse's twofold layering, viz. the fictional layer and the film crew's layer; and two communicative levels, namely the characters' level and the viewer's level, on which meanings are communicated and inferred by the viewer, who is conceptualised as the recipient. Additionally, the notion of recipient design will be endorsed in order to demonstrate that meanings are purposefully communicated to, and thus gleaned by, the viewer. Several postulates are propounded concerning the viewer's understanding and appreciation of film discourse.
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[16] Burger, Harald (1984) Sprache der Massenmedien. Berlin: de Gruyter.
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[18] Carter Ronald and Paul Simpson (1979) Language, Discourse, and Literature. London: Routledge.
[19] Chothia, Jean (1978) Forging a Language: A Study of Plays of Eugene O'Neill. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[20] Chovanec, Jan (2011) 'Humour in quasi-conversations: Constructing fun in online sports journalism'. In: Dynel, Marta (ed.) The Pragmatics of Humour across Discourse Domains, 243–264.
[21] Clark, Herbert (1996) Using Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[22] Clark, Herbert and Thomas Carlson (1982) 'Hearers and speech acts'. Language 58, 332–372. | DOI 10.1353/lan.1982.0042
[23] Clark, Herbert and Catherine R. Marshall (1981) 'Definite reference and mutual knowledge'. In: Joshi, A.K., B. Webber, and I. Sag (eds.) Elements of Discourse Understanding. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 10–63.
[24] Clark, Herbert and Edward Schaefer (1987) 'Concealing one's meaning from overhearers'. Journal of Memory and Language 26, 209–225. | DOI 10.1016/0749-596X(87)90124-0
[25] Clark, Herbert and Edward Schaefer (1992) 'Dealing with overhearers'. In: Clark, Herbert (ed.) Arenas of Language Use. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 248–273.
[26] Clark, Herbert and Mija Van Der Wege (2001) 'Imagination in discourse' In: Schiffrin, Deborah, Deborah Tannen and Heidi E. Hamilton (eds.) The Handbook of Discourse Analysis. Oxford: Blackwell, 772–786.
[27] Cooper, Marilyn (1981) 'Impoliteness, convention and the taming of the shrew'. Poetics 10, 1–14. | DOI 10.1016/0304-422X(81)90007-3
[28] Culler, Jonathan (1975) Structuralist Poetics: Structuralism, Lingusitics and the Study of Literature. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
[29] Culpeper, Jonathan (2001) Language and Characterisation: People in Plays and Other Texts. London: Longman.
[30] Culpeper, Jonathan (2002) 'A cognitive stylistic approach to characterisation'. In: Semino, Elena and Jonathan Culpeper (eds.) Cognitive Stylistics: Language and Cognition in Text Analysis. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 251–277.
[31] Dow, Bonnie (1996) Prime-Time Feminism. Television, Media Culture and the Women's Movement. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
[32] Downes, William (1988) 'King Lear's question to his daughters'. In: Peer, Willie van (ed.) The Taming of the Text: Explorations in Language Literature and Culture. London: Routledge, 225–257.
[33] Duncan, Starkey (1974) 'On the structure of speaker–auditor interaction during speaking turns'. Language in Society 3, 161–180. | DOI 10.1017/S0047404500004322
[34] Duranti, Alessandro (1986) 'The audience as co-author: An introduction'. Text 6, 239–247.
[35] Dynel, Marta (2009) Humorous Garden-Paths: A Pragmatic-Cognitive Study. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
[36] Dynel, Marta (2010a) 'Friend or foe? Chandler's humour from the metarecipient's perspective'. In: Witczak-Plisiecka, Iwona (ed.) Pragmatic Perspectives on Language and Linguistics Vol. II: Pragmatics of Semantically Restricted Domains. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 175–205.
[37] Dynel, Marta (2010b) 'Not hearing things – Hearer/listener categories in polylogues'. mediAzioni 9. http://mediazioni.sitlec.unibo.it.
[38] Dynel, Marta (2011a) 'A potluck approach to Polish comedies: Towards determining the Polish taste culture'. In: Brzozowska, Dorota and Władysław Chlopicki (eds.) Polish Humor. Kraków: Tertium.
[39] Dynel, Marta (2011b) 'Entertaining and enraging: The functions of verbal aggression in political debates'. In: Tsakona, Villy and Diana Popa (eds.) Confronting Power with Laughter.
[40] Dynel, Marta (2011c) 'Two communicative levels and twofold illocutionary force in televised political debates'. Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics 47(2), 283–307.
[41] Dynel, Marta (2011d) 'Women who swear and men who fret: The subversive construction of genders in films: A case study of "Lejdis" and "Testosteron"'. In: Gonerko-Frej et al. (eds.) Us and Them – Them and Us: Constructions of the Other in Cultural Stereotypes – Perceptions, Challenges, Meanings. Shaker Verlag.
[42] Dynel, Marta (2011e) ''You talking to me?' The viewer as a ratified hearer.' Journal of Pragmatics 43, 1628–1644. | DOI 10.1016/j.pragma.2010.11.016
[43] Emmison, Michael (1993) 'On the analyzability of conversational fabrication: A conceptual inquiry and single case example'. Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 16, 83–108. | DOI 10.1075/aral.16.1.06emm
[44] Emmison, Michael and Laurence Goldman (1996) 'What's that you said sooty? Puppets, parlance and pretence'. Language and Communication 16, 17–35. | DOI 10.1016/0271-5309(95)00011-9
[45] Emmott, Catherine (1997) Narrative Comprehension: A Discourse Perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[46] Fetzer, Anita (2006) '"Minister, we will see how the public judges you". Media references in political interviews'. Journal of Pragmatics 38, 180–195. | DOI 10.1016/j.pragma.2005.06.017
[47] Fiske, John (1986) 'Television: Polysemy and popularity'. Critical Studies in Mass Communication 3, 391–408. | DOI 10.1080/15295038609366672
[48] Fiske, John and John Hartley (1978) Reading Television. London: Methuen.
[49] Fokkema, Aleid (1991) Postmodern Characters: A Study of Characterization in British and American Postmodern Fiction. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
[50] Frye, Northrop (1957) Anatomy of Criticism: Four Essays. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
[51] Garfinkel, Harold (1967) Studies in Ethnomethodology. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
[52] Garvey, James (1978) 'Characterization in narrative'. Poetics 7, 63–78. | DOI 10.1016/0304-422X(78)90005-0
[53] Gauntlett, David (2002) Media, Gender and Identity: An Introduction. London: Routledge.
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