Title: Playing for the "Bleu et Blanc" or for the Habs: Ice hockey and Québécois nationalism
Variant title:
- Jouer pour le « Bleu et Blanc » ou pour les Habs: Hockey et le nationalisme québécois
Source document: The Central European journal of Canadian studies. 2016, vol. 10-11, iss. [1], pp. 11-29
Extent
11-29
-
ISSN1213-7715 (print)2336-4556 (online)
Stable URL (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/138473
Type: Article
Language
License: Not specified license
Notice: These citations are automatically created and might not follow citation rules properly.
Abstract(s)
In 2005, former Bloc Québécois (BQ) leader Gilles Duceppe called for the creation of independent ice hockey and soccer teams for Quebec. As the federal representative for the sovereigntist movement, Duceppe was mainly trying to make a political statement. However, Duceppe was also trying to cast a vision of a future Quebec wherein its young athletes could aspire to representing Quebec in high-level international tournaments. As a result of situations like this one, the issue of Quebec nationalism, at times, has interlinked with the sport of ice hockey. Prior to the 1995 independence referendum in Quebec, for example, the Toronto Star newspaper compiled a hypothetical list of Quebec national ice hockey team players, including some of the biggest stars in the game at that time, such as Patrick Roy, Mario Lemieux, and Luc Robitaille. This article examines several different facets of the complex nationalist question, including the political uses of the Montreal Canadiens as a vehicle of nationalism, as well as international tournaments designed to give Quebec a place on the world stage.
En 2005, l'ancien Bloc Québécois (BQ) chef, Gilles Duceppe, a appelé à la création d'équipes de hockey sur glace et de football indépendants pour le Québec. En tant que représentant du gouvernement fédéral pour le mouvement souverainiste, Duceppe a surtout essayé de faire une déclaration politique. Cependant, il a également tenté de rejeter la vision d'un avenir où les jeunes athlètes pourraient aspirer à représenter le Québec dans les tournois internationaux de haut niveau. À la suite de situations comme celle-ci, la question du nationalisme québécois, à certains moments, est entré en collision avec le hockey sur glace. Avant le référendum sur l'indépendance au Québec de 1995, par exemple, le journal Toronto Star a compilé une liste hypothétique de joueurs de l'équipe nationale de hockey sur glace du Québec, y compris certaines des plus grandes stars dans le jeu à l'époque tels que Patrick Roy, Mario Lemieux, et Luc Robitaille. Cet article examine plusieurs facettes complexes de la question nationaliste telles que les usages politiques des Canadiens de Montréal comme véhicule du nationalisme, ainsi que les tournois internationaux visant à donner au Québec une place sur la scène mondiale.
References
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[2] Banerjee, Sidhartha. "Quebec gets own hockey team in international tournament" Globe and Mail. http://m.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/quebec-gets-own-hockey-team-in-international-tournament/article1314351/?service=mobile August 23, 2012. Accessed December 21, 2016.
[3] Beck, Peter J. Scoring for Britain: International Football and International Politics, 1900-1939. London: Routledge, 2013. Print.
[4] Belanger, Anouk. "The Last Game? Hockey and the Experience of Masculinity in Quebec," in Sport and Gender in Canada, edited by White, Philip and Kevin Young, 292–309, Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1999. Print.
[5] Billig, Michael. Banal Nationalism. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1995. Print.
[6] Brown, William. The Montreal Maroons: The Forgotten Stanley Cup Champions. Montreal: Vehicule Press, 1999. Print.
[7] CBC http:www.cbc.ca/news/canada/bloc-wants-quebec-to-compete-in-international-hockey-1.532137 December 1, §§2005§§. Accessed September 10, 2014.
[8] Carrier, Roch, La Chandail de Hockey. Toronto: Livres Toundra, 1979. Print.
[9] Duerr, Glen. "Recognizing—Not just Rooting for—the Home Team: Nationalism and the Taiwanese Name Dispute at the 2006 World Baseball Classic." In The Politics of Baseball: Essays on the Pastime and Power at Home and Abroad, edited by Ron Briley, 183–194, Jefferson, NC: McFarland Publishers, 2010. Print.
[10] Duerr, Glen. "Playing for Identity and Independence: The Issue of Palestinian Statehood and the Role of FIFA." Soccer & Society 13, 6 (2012a): 653–666. Print.
[11] Duerr, Glen. "Talking with Nationalists and Patriots: An Examination of Ethnic and Civic Approaches to Nationalism and their Outcomes in Quebec and Flanders." PhD diss., Kent State University, 2012b.
[12] Duplacey, James and Charles Wilkins. Forever Rivals: Montreal Canadiens vs. Toronto Maple Leafs. Toronto: Random House of Canada, 1996. Print.
[13] Elections Quebec. Accessed December 21, 2016. http://www.electionsquebec.qc.ca
[14] Elliott, Richard and Joseph Maguire. "'Net Gains': Informal Recruiting, Canadian Players and British Professional Ice Hockey," in Sport and Migration: Borders, Boundaries, and Crossings, edited by Joseph Macguire and Mark Falcous, 102–111, New York: Routledge, 2011.
[15] Fraser, Graham. 2005. "Bloc tries to score votes with international hockey." Toronto Star, A6, December 1.
[16] Gellner, Ernest. 1983. Nations and Nationalism. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
[17] Greenfeld, Liah. Nationalism. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 1992. Print.
[18] Harvey, Jean. "Whose Sweater is this? The Changing Meanings of Hockey in Quebec," in Artificial Ice: Hockey, Culture, and Commerce, edited by David Whitson and Richard Gruneau, 29–52, Orchard Park, NY: Broadview Press, 2006. Print.
[19] Hobsbawm, Eric. Nations and Nationalism since 1780: Programme, Myth, Reality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990. Print.
[20] Holman, Andrew C., ed. Canada's Game: Hockey and Identity. McGill-Queen's Press-MQUP, 2009. Print.
[21] Huffington Post. http:www.huffingtonpost.ca/2012/08/23/canada-major-leaguesports-_n_1824817.html. August 23, §§2012§§. Accessed September 26, 2014.
[22] Ignatieff, Michael. Blood and Belonging: Journeys into the New Nationalism. Toronto: Random House, 1993. Print.
[23] International Ice Hockey Federation. www.IIHF.com Accessed December 21, 2016.
[24] Kohn, Hans. The Idea of Nationalism: A Study of Its Origins and Background. New York: The MacMillan Company, 1944.
[25] Lasorsa, Steve. La Rivalite Canadien-Nordiques. Quebec City: Les Presses de L'Universite Laval, 2011.
[26] La Presse. http:www.lapresse.ca/debats/chroniques/rejean-tremblay/201011/11/01–4341539-equipe-quebec-convoitera-la-coupe-quebec.php November 11, §§2008§§, Accessed December 21, 2016.
[27] Lynch, Peter. "Scottish Independence, the Quebec Model of Secession and the Political Future of the Scottish National Party." Nationalism and Ethnic Politics 11, 4 (2005): 503–531. | DOI 10.1080/13537110500379344
[28] McPherson, James M. Is Blood Thicker than Water?: Crises of Nationalism in the Modern World. Toronto: Random House, 2011. Print.
[29] Maguire, Joseph. "Blade Runners: Canadian Migrants and European Ice Hockey," in Sport and Migration: Borders, Boundaries, and Crossings, edited by Joseph Macguire and Mark Falcous, 141–156, New York: Routledge, 2011. Print.
[30] Nielsen, Kai. "Cultural Nationalism, Neither Ethnic nor Civic." Philosophical Forum 28, 1–2: (1996): 42–52.
[31] Proudfoot, Jim. "Team Quebec? A Definite Contender." Toronto Star, B1, October 24, 1995.
[32] Renan, Ernest. "Qu'est-ce qu'une nation?" Lecture at Sorbonne on 11 March 1882.
[33] Rutherford, P. When Television was Young: Prime Time Canada, 1952–1967. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1990.
[34] Ryan, Dennis P., and Kevin B. Wamsley. "The Fighting Irish of Toronto: Sport and Irish Catholic Identity at St Michael's College, 1906–1916." Sport in Society 10, 3 (2007): 495–513. | DOI 10.1080/17430430701333935
[35] Sack, Allen and Zeljan Suster. "Soccer and Croatian Nationalism: A Prelude to War." Journal of Sport & Social Issues 24, 3 (2000): 305–320. | DOI 10.1177/0193723500243006
[36] Smith, Anthony D. National Identity. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1991. Print.TSN. "Quebec City to break ground on NHL-Style arena in September." http://www.tsn.ca/nhl/story/?id=391352 March 25, 2012. Accessed September 10, 2014.
[37] Whitson, David, and Jon Horne. "Underestimated costs and overestimated benefits? Comparing the outcomes of sports mega-events in Canada and Japan," in Sports Mega-Events: Social Scientific Analyses of a Global Phenomenon, edited by John Horne and Wolfram Manzenreiter, 73–89, Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2006. Print.
[38] Wingrove, Josh, and Rheal Seguin. http:www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/400-million-hockey-arena-in-quebec-city-skates-closer-to-reality/article1379468/ September 6, §§2010§§. Accessed September 10, 2014
[39] Xenos, Nicholas. "Civic Nationalism: Oxymoron?." Critical Review 10, 2 (1996): 213–231. | DOI 10.1080/08913819608443418
[40] Yack, Bernard. "The Myth of the Civic Nation." Critical Review 10, 2 (1996): 193–211. | DOI 10.1080/08913819608443417