Title: QAnon as a variation of a Satanic conspiracy theory : an overview
Source document: Theory and Practice in English Studies. 2020, vol. 9, iss. 1-2, pp. [45]-66
Extent
[45]-66
-
ISSN1805-0859
Stable URL (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/143485
Type: Article
Language
License: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International
Notice: These citations are automatically created and might not follow citation rules properly.
Abstract(s)
This text deals with the phenomenon known as "QAnon" as a variation of a Satanic conspiracy theory. This form of conspiracy operates with evil forces and their agents on Earth in secret Satanic networks. In the case of QAnon, it is mirrored in the narrative which says that prominent Democrats, certain celebrities, financiers and other influential figures are a part of a secret global Satanic and paedophile ring which rules the world. The U.S. president Donald Trump is considered to be secretly fighting against this conspiracy and plans to arrest the evil elites during an expected event known as "The Storm." With a generalized enemy that is Satanized and considered dangerous (as a threat to the American nation) and amoral on the one side, and Trump as a messiah-like hero on the other side, QAnon resonates primarily with the Republican movement. This enemy also became part of a political struggle. QAnon mobilized some Republicans and their supporters in the campaign for the re-election of Donald Trump in 2020 by turning the Q followers into warriors to fight in this important battle of the QAnon cosmic war between good and evil. Nevertheless, QAnon is only one instance of this kind of mobilization in the United States against the imagined inner secret Satanic enemy. Another powerful mobilization could be observed in the connection with the phenomenon of Satanic panic. Some similarities include the narratives about ritual abuse of children by secret Satanists, which took place especially in the 1980s and 1990s. At the same time, it is important to point out that these narratives have a much older origin and are based on Christian dualism and demonology regarding the idea of the need to fight subversive groups (devilworshipers, witches, and secret organizations) who have formed a pact with Satan and intend to harm the society. For a large part of American society that nurtures strong belief in both God's and Satan's influence in the world, secret devil-worshippers have traditionally been on of the prominent internal enemies of the American nation. The notion of the need to fight the forces of evil led by Satan and his earthly minions is deeply ingrained in American conspiratorial thinking and in a large part of the American society influenced by Christian fundamentalism and is likely to continue to emerge in other variations, similar to QAnon.
References
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[28] McQuail, Denis and Mark Deuze. 2020. McQuail's Media and Mass Communication Theory. Los Angeles & London & New Delhi & Singapore & Washington DC & Melbourne: SAGE.
[29] Muchembled, Robert. 2008. Dějiny ďábla. Praha: Argo.
[30] Nguyen, Tina, 2020. "Trump isn't secretly winking at QAnon. He's retweeting its followers." Politico, July 12, 2020. Accessed November 7, 2020. https://www.politico.com/news/2020/07/12/trump-tweeting-qanon-followers-357238.
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[35] Petrosky, Miguel. 2020. "Christian QAnon'ers Want to #SaveTheChildren. They're Making Things Worse." Sojourners, October 28, 2020. Accessed December 30, 2020. https://sojo.net/articles/christian-qanoners-want-savethechildren-theyremaking-things-worse.
[36] Pew Research Center. 2020a. "QAnon's conspiracy theories have seeped into U.S. politics, but most don't know what it is." Pew Research Center. March 30, 2020. Accessed November 7, 2020. https://www.pewresearch.org/facttank/2020/03/30/qanons-conspiracy-theories-have-seeped-into-u-s-politicsbut-most-dont-know-what-it-is/.
[37] Pew Research Center. 2020b. "Political Divides, Conspiracy Theories and Divergent News Sources Heading Into 2020 Election." Pew Research Center, September 16, 2020. Accessed November 7, 2020. https://www.journalism.org/2020/09/16/political-divides-conspiracy-theories-and-divergentnews-sources-heading-into-2020-election/.
[38] Pew Research Center. 2019. "In U.S., Decline of Christianity Continues at Rapid Pace: An update on America's changing religious landscape." Pew Research Center, October 17, 2019. Accessed December 30, 2020. https://www.pewforum.org/2019/10/17/in-u-s-decline-of-christianity-continues-at-rapid-pace/.
[39] Pew Research Center. 2015. "Belief in God." Pew Research Center, May 11, 2015, Accessed December 30, 2020. https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/belief-in-god/.
[40] Porter, Tom. 2020. "The Trump campaign relies on a huge network of QAnon accounts to spread conspiracy theories and disinformation, data shows." Business Insider, July 11, 2020. Accessed November 7, 2020. https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-campaign-sources-propaganda-from-qanon-network-2020-6.
[41] Press Trust of India. 2020. "'Communist' Kamala Harris to take over as president in a month if Joe Biden wins, says Donald Trump." Firstpost., October 09, 2020. Accessed December 29, 2020. https://www.firstpost.com/world/communist-kamala-harris-to-take-over-as-president-in-a-month-if-joe-bidenwins-says-donald-trump-8895461.html.
[42] Roose, Kevin. 2020. "What Is QAnon, the Viral Pro-Trump Conspiracy Theory?" The New York Times, October 19, 2020. Accessed November 7, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/article/what-is-qanon.html.
[43] Rozsa, Mathew. 2019. "QAnon is the conspiracy theory that won't die: Here's what they believe, and why they're wrong." Salon, August 18, 2019. Accessed November 7, 2020. https://www.salon.com/2019/08/18/qanon-is-the-conspiracytheory-that-wont-die-heres-what-they-believe-and-why-theyre-wrong/.
[44] Statista Research Department. 2016. "Do you believe in God, Angels, Heaven, Hell or The Devil?" Statista, June 29, 2016. Accessed December 30, 2020. https://www.statista.com/statistics/245496/belief-of-americans-in-godheaven-and-hell/.
[45] Schaffner, Brian F. 2020. "QAnon and Conspiracy Beliefs." ISD: Institute for Strategic Dialogue, October 5, 2020. Accessed December 30, 2020. https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/qanon-and-conspiracy-beliefs.pdf.
[46] Thomas, Paul. 2020. "How QAnon uses Satanic rhetoric to set up a narrative of 'good vs. evil'." The Conversation, October 20, 2020. Accessed November 7, 2020. https://theconversation.com/how-qanon-uses-Satanic-rhetoric-to-set-upa-narrative-of-good-vs-evil-146281.
[47] Trickey, Erick. 2018. "Fact-checking QAnon conspiracy theories: Did J.P. Morgan sink the Titanic?" The Washington Post, August 4, 2018. Accessed December 27, 2020. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2018/08/04/howj-p-morgan-didnt-sink-the-titanic-and-other-qanon-conspiracy-theories-debunked/.
[48] Václavík, David. 2013. Proměny americké religiozity. Brno: Masarykova univerzita.
[49] Victor, Jeffrey S. 2015. "Crime, Moral Panic, and the Occult." In The Occult World, edited by Christopher Partridge, 692–700. London & New York: Routledge.
[50] Victor, Jeffrey S. 1990. "Satanic Cult Rumors as Contemporary Legend." Western Folklore 49, no. 1: 51–81. | DOI 10.2307/1499482
[51] Winter, Jana. 2019. "Exclusive: FBI document warns conspiracy theories are a new domestic terrorism threats." Yahoo! News, August 1, 2019. Accessed November 7, 2020. https://news.yahoo.com/fbi-documents-conspiracy-theories-terrorism-160000507.html.
[52] Wong, Julia C. 2020. "QAnon explained: the antisemitic conspiracy theory gaining traction around the world." The Guardian, August 25, 2020. Accessed December 28, 2020. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/aug/25/qanon-conspiracy-theory-explained-trump-what-is.
[53] Zuckerman, Ethan. 2019. "QAnon and the Emergence ofthe Unreal." Journal of Design and Science, 6, July 15 (updated July 27), 2019. Accessed December 28, 2020. https://jods.mitpress.mit.edu/pub/tliexqdu/release/4.