Title: Automatische vertaling: een levensvatbare oplossing voor het recht?
Variant title:
- Machine translation: a possible solution to the law?
Source document: Brünner Beiträge zur Germanistik und Nordistik. 2022, vol. 36, iss. 1, pp. 35-46
Extent
35-46
-
ISSN1803-7380 (print)2336-4408 (online)
Persistent identifier (DOI): https://doi.org/10.5817/BBGN2022-1-4
Stable URL (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/digilib.77355
Type: Article
Language
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 International
Notice: These citations are automatically created and might not follow citation rules properly.
Abstract(s)
The translation of legal information constitutes a special branch of translation practice, particularly due to the systemic nature of legal terminology, as well as complicated syntax and the use of fixed word associations and language templates. Professional human translators have always been the preferred way to translate legal documents because they have the linguistic expertise, a good understanding of the cultural context and capacity to make decisions when translating. As more and more international companies enter new markets, the need for translating legal texts increases, which often involves large amounts of data that need to be translated quickly. The possibilities and limits of machine translation (MT) are being frequently tested. Since the legal sector traditionally requires high-quality translations, the question arises whether machine translation can also work well in this field?
References
[1] DeepL. https://www.deepl.com/translator, [geciteerd op 12-4-2022].
[2] Eur-Lex. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=nl, [geciteerd op 14-4-2022].
[3] Hajič, Jan, Panevová, Jarmila, Hladká, Barbora (2012): "Lingvistika na Matematicko-fyzikální fakultě?". Vesmír. 2012(9). https://vesmir.cz/cz/casopis/archivcasopisu/2012/cislo-9/lingvistika-matematicko-fyzikalni-fakulte.html, [geciteerd op 12-4-2022].
[4] Hutchins, John (1994): Machine translation. History and general principles. The encyclopedia of languages and linguistics, 5: 2322–2332.
[5] Chan, Sin-wai (2015): "The development of translation technology: 1967–2013". In Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Technology. Routledge, (p. 3–31).
[6] ISO, ISO 17100:2015: Translation services – Requirements for translation services. http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=59149, [geciteerd op 30-4-2022].
[7] Kalchbrenner, Nal, Blunsom, Phil (2013): Recurrent continuous translation models. In EMNLP, volume 3, pagina 413.
[8] Linguee. https://www.linguee.com/, [geciteerd op 10-4-2022].
[9] O'Brien, Sharon (2002): "Teaching Post-Editing: A Proposal for Course Content". 6th EAMT Workshop Teaching Machine Translation. https://www.academia.edu/1160352/Teaching_Post_Editing_A_Proposal_for_Course_Content, [geciteerd op 14-4-2022].
[10] Qun, Liu, Xiaojun, Zhang (2015): "Machine translation: general". In: Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Technology. Routledge, (p. 105–119).
[11] Shannon, Claude E., Weaver, Warren (1964): The Mathematical Theory of Communication. The University of Illinois Press. Urbana.
[12] Snell-Hornby, Mary. (2006): The Turns of Translation Studies: New paradigms or shifting viewpoints? Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. Benjamins translation library.
[13] Matthew Snover, Nitin Madnani, Bonnie Dorr and Richard Schwartz (2009): "Fluency, ade– quacy, or hter?: exploring different human judgments with a tunable MT metric." In: Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation. Association for Computational Linguistics, p. 259-268.
[14] TAUS eLearning Platform, Post-Editing/Reviewing. [elektronische cursus] [online] https://elearning.taus.net/course/index.php#pe-overview, [geciteerd op 30-4-2022].
[15] Verordening (EU) 2016/679 van het Europees Parlement en de Raad van 27 april 2016 betreffende de bescherming van natuurlijke personen in verband met de verwerking van persoonsgegevens en betreffende het vrije verkeer van die gegevens en tot intrekking van Richtlijn 95/46/EG (algemene verordening gegevensbescherming) (Document 32016R0679), [geciteerd op 10-4-2022].
[16] Weaver, Warren (1949): 'Translation'. Repr. In: Locke, W.N. and Booth, A.D. (eds.) Machine translation of languages: fourteen essays (Cambridge, Mass.: Technology Press of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1955), p. 15–23.
[2] Eur-Lex. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=nl, [geciteerd op 14-4-2022].
[3] Hajič, Jan, Panevová, Jarmila, Hladká, Barbora (2012): "Lingvistika na Matematicko-fyzikální fakultě?". Vesmír. 2012(9). https://vesmir.cz/cz/casopis/archivcasopisu/2012/cislo-9/lingvistika-matematicko-fyzikalni-fakulte.html, [geciteerd op 12-4-2022].
[4] Hutchins, John (1994): Machine translation. History and general principles. The encyclopedia of languages and linguistics, 5: 2322–2332.
[5] Chan, Sin-wai (2015): "The development of translation technology: 1967–2013". In Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Technology. Routledge, (p. 3–31).
[6] ISO, ISO 17100:2015: Translation services – Requirements for translation services. http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=59149, [geciteerd op 30-4-2022].
[7] Kalchbrenner, Nal, Blunsom, Phil (2013): Recurrent continuous translation models. In EMNLP, volume 3, pagina 413.
[8] Linguee. https://www.linguee.com/, [geciteerd op 10-4-2022].
[9] O'Brien, Sharon (2002): "Teaching Post-Editing: A Proposal for Course Content". 6th EAMT Workshop Teaching Machine Translation. https://www.academia.edu/1160352/Teaching_Post_Editing_A_Proposal_for_Course_Content, [geciteerd op 14-4-2022].
[10] Qun, Liu, Xiaojun, Zhang (2015): "Machine translation: general". In: Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Technology. Routledge, (p. 105–119).
[11] Shannon, Claude E., Weaver, Warren (1964): The Mathematical Theory of Communication. The University of Illinois Press. Urbana.
[12] Snell-Hornby, Mary. (2006): The Turns of Translation Studies: New paradigms or shifting viewpoints? Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. Benjamins translation library.
[13] Matthew Snover, Nitin Madnani, Bonnie Dorr and Richard Schwartz (2009): "Fluency, ade– quacy, or hter?: exploring different human judgments with a tunable MT metric." In: Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation. Association for Computational Linguistics, p. 259-268.
[14] TAUS eLearning Platform, Post-Editing/Reviewing. [elektronische cursus] [online] https://elearning.taus.net/course/index.php#pe-overview, [geciteerd op 30-4-2022].
[15] Verordening (EU) 2016/679 van het Europees Parlement en de Raad van 27 april 2016 betreffende de bescherming van natuurlijke personen in verband met de verwerking van persoonsgegevens en betreffende het vrije verkeer van die gegevens en tot intrekking van Richtlijn 95/46/EG (algemene verordening gegevensbescherming) (Document 32016R0679), [geciteerd op 10-4-2022].
[16] Weaver, Warren (1949): 'Translation'. Repr. In: Locke, W.N. and Booth, A.D. (eds.) Machine translation of languages: fourteen essays (Cambridge, Mass.: Technology Press of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1955), p. 15–23.