Výklad života a díla Karla Havlíčka v textech sociologa Emanuela Chalupného jako součást fenoménu Havlíčkova "druhého života"

The article is dealing with historical writings of sociologist Emanuel Chalupny (1879-1958) that are aimed at life and works of a noted Czech politician, journalist and writer Karel Havlicek (1821-1856) and that are compared with analogous texts of Thomas Garrigue Masaryk (1850-1937). In the analyzed writings Chalupny applied his specific theory of Czech nation as a living organism with specific national characteristics, above all "anticipation" and "mountain dwelling" formed by analysis of Czech national history, language and geographical conditions. Chalupny preferred psychological and sociological method to traditional historism in these works, which provided interesting, though not quite convincing conclusions. Application of his theories led him to believe that Havlicek is the best representative of specific Czech character. The crucial point consists in the findings that Chalupny's interpretations were written in opposition to Masaryk's philosophy of Czech history and his version of Havlicek's importance as a forerunner of his own political direction, from which Chalupny separated in 1905. In comparison with Masaryk's view on Havlicek and Czech national renaissance above all, Chalupny partly surpassed his teacher by objectification, by ability to reveal social and national functional dimension of delicate national matters, e. g. questions of spurious Manuscripts or Havlicek's martyr legend; however Chalupny partly lagged behind - above all by using old sentimental, pathetic and reverend national schematics that were rejected by Masaryk in his texts of the 1890s. Both interpretations are placed in phenomenon of Havlicek's "afterlife" as 150 years' long process of filling Havlicek's life, works and heritage by various ideological contents: from the concept of Czech national martyr to Masaryk's political forerunner and one of the official symbols of the republic in years 1918-1938 up to the revolutionary in Marxian concept and present day symbol of political and economical liberalism.