Náboženskost T.G. Masaryka z aspektu psychologie

The psychological interpretation of the data originating from personal documents is one of the possible methods of a mediated examination of a concrete - being no more alive - personality. In the case of Masaryk, there are numerous data of that kind and some of ihem concern his religiousness. The authoress deals with it in three topics, applying the points of view of the psychology of personality, and psychology of religion, as well. -- In the first topic Masaryk's religiousness during the course of his life is concemed. The decrease in religiousness which is - according to some psychologists - rather symptomatic for the time period of life from 20 to 35 years cannot be observed in Masaryk's thinking. Within the second topic, the authoress deals with specific qualities of Masaryk's religiousness. She presents Allport's distinguishing between the extrinsic and intrinsic religiousness, and attributes the latter of these qualities to Masaryk. The third topic brings a psychological point of view to the absence of repentance in Masaryk's thinking, stated by theologists (J. L. Hromádka above all) and by philosophers (J. B. Kozák). AU the same Hromádka himself is the author of a psychologically oriented study in which Masaryk was seen - opposite to Dostojevskij - as a sthenic personality with positive emotional disposition. If the consideration of individual differences is the cardinal one in the psychology of personality, it is evident that even the personality of individuals with religious orientation has not been formed in the same way. The authoress presumes that Masaryk lived more in harmony than in conflict with his conscience.