Název: Adverbials and inversion in early English scientific writing
Zdrojový dokument: Brno studies in English. 2016, roč. 42, č. 1, s. [113]-133
Rozsah
[113]-133
-
ISSN0524-6881 (print)1805-0867 (online)
Trvalý odkaz (DOI): https://doi.org/10.5817/BSE2016-1-6
Trvalý odkaz (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/136086
Type: Článek
Jazyk
Licence: Neurčená licence
Upozornění: Tyto citace jsou generovány automaticky. Nemusí být zcela správně podle citačních pravidel.
Abstrakt(y)
English shifted from being basically verb final in Old English (Traugott 1992: 274) to verb non-final from Middle English onwards (Fischer 1992: 371). From a diachronic standpoint, however, Old English can feature inversion whenever an object, an adverbial or a PP is fronted, while in Middle English it is exclusively witnessed when a wh-element or a negative constituent occupies first position (van Kemenade 1987: 180). Interestingly enough, recent research demonstrates that inversion after fronted adverbials is found in the early Modern English period (Nevalainen 1997: 213). All this considered, this paper pursues the following objectives: 1) to analyse the occurrence of inversion when adverbials or negative constituents are fronted in early English scientific prose; 2) to investigate the phenomenon across subgenres; and 3) to evaluate the influence of the typology of inversion, the typology of the subject and the taxonomy of inverted verbs. The data come from The Corpus of Early English Medical Writing.
Reference
[1] EMEMT = Early Modern English Medical Texts. 2010. Compiled by Irma Taavitsainen, Päivi Pahta, Turo Hiltunen, Martti Mäkinen, Ville Marttila, Maura Ratia, Carla Suhr & Jukka Tyrkkö. CD-ROM with EMEMT Presenter software by Raymond Hickey. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
[2] MEMT = Middle English Medical Texts. 2005. Compiled by Irma Taavitsainen, Päivi Pahta & Martti Mäkinen. CD-ROM with MEMT Presenter software by Raymond Hickey. Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
[3] Bækken, Bjørg (1998) Word Order Patterns in Early Modern English. Oslo: Novus Press.
[4] Bækken, Bjørg (2000) 'Inversion in Early Modern English'. English Studies 81(5), 393-421. | DOI 10.1076/0013-838X(200009)81:5;1-8:FT393
[5] Bækken, Bjørg (2005) 'Some Aspects of Word Order in Seventeenth-century English'. English Studies 86(6), 511–535. | DOI 10.1080/00138380500319943
[6] Biber, Douglas, Stig Johansson, Geoffrey Leech, Susan Conrad and Edward Finegan (1999) Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. London: Longman.
[7] Breivik, Leiv Egil and Toril Swan (1994) 'Initial Adverbials and Word Order in English with Spetial Reference to the Early Modern English Period'. In: Dieter Kastovsky (ed.) Studies in Early Modern English. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 11–44.
[8] Calle-Martín, Javier and Antonio Miranda-García (2010) 'Gehyrdon ge þæt gecweden wæs – A Corpus-based Approach to Verb-initial Constructions in Old English'. Studia Neophilologica 82(1), 49–57. | DOI 10.1080/00393271003795202
[9] Calle-Martín, Javier and Jesús Romero-Barranco (2014) 'On the Use of that/zero as Object Clause Links in Early English Medical Writing'. Studia Neophilologica 86(1), 1–16. | DOI 10.1080/00393274.2014.900595
[10] Calle-Martín, Javier and Jesús Romero-Barranco (2015) 'On the Use of make to vs. make ø in early English Medical Writing'. Atlantis: Journal of the Spanish Association of Anglo-American Studies 37(1), 157–177.
[11] Calle-Martín, Javier and Jesús Romero-Barranco (2017) 'Third Person Present Tense Markers in some Varieties of English'. English World-Wide 37(2), forthcoming.
[12] Carter, Ronald and Michael McCarthy (2006) Cambridge Grammar of English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[13] Fischer, Olga (1992) 'Syntax'. In: Norman Blake (ed.) The Cambridge History of the English Language. Volume II. 1066–1476, 207–408. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 207–408.
[14] Fischer, Olga, Ans van Kemenade, Willem Koopman and Wim van der Wurff (2004) The Syntax of Early English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[15] Fischer, Olga and William van der Wurff (2006) 'Syntax'. In: Richard Hogg and David Denison (eds.) A History of the English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 109–198.
[16] Green, Georgia M. (1980) 'Some Wherefores of English Inversions'. Language 56(3), 582–601. | DOI 10.2307/414451
[17] Greenberg, Joseph H. (1966) 'Some Universals of Grammar with Particular Reference to the Order of Meaningful Elements'. In: Joseph H. Greenberg (ed.) Universals of Language. Massachusetts: The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 73–113.
[18] Haeberli, Eric (2007) 'The Development of Subject-verb Inversion in Middle English and the Role of Language Contact'. Generative Grammar in Geneva 5, 15–33.
[19] Haeberli, Eric and Richard Ingham (2007) 'The Position of Negation and Adverbs in Early Middle English'. Lingua 117, 1–25. | DOI 10.1016/j.lingua.2005.08.001
[20] Hogg, Richard (2002) An Introduction to Old English. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
[21] Ingham, Richard (2007) 'NegP and Negated Constituent Movement in the History of English'. Transactions of the Philological Society 105(3), 365–397. | DOI 10.1111/j.1467-968X.2007.00195.x
[22] Jacobsson, Bengt (1951) Inversion in English with Special Reference to the Early Modern English Period. Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksells Boktryckeri Ab.
[23] van Kemenade, Ans (1987) Syntactic Case and Morphological Case in the History of English. Dordrecht: Foris.
[24] Kendall, Maurice George (1970) Rank Correlation Methods. London: Griffin.
[25] Kohnen, Thomas (2001) 'Text Types as Catalysts for Language Change'. In: Hans-Jürgen Diller and Manfred Görlach (eds.) Towards a History of English as a History of Genres. Heidelverg: Winter, 111–126.
[26] Nevalainen, Terttu (1997) 'Recycling inversion: The case of initial adverbs and negators in Early Modern English'. Studia Anglica Posnaniensia 31, 203–214.
[27] Nevalainen, Terttu (2006) An Introduction to Early Modern English. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
[28] Pahta, Päivi (2001) 'Creating a New Genre: Contextual Dimensions in the Production and Trans-mission of Early Scientific Writing'. European Journal of English Studies 5(2), 205–220. | DOI 10.1076/ejes.5.2.205.7303
[29] Petré, Peter (2015) 'Grammaticalization by Changing Co-text Frequencies, or Why [BE Ving ] Became the 'Progressive''. English Language and Linguistics 20(1), 31–54. | DOI 10.1017/S1360674315000210
[30] Rissanen, Matti (1999) 'Syntax'. In: Roger Lass (ed.) A History of the English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 187–326.
[31] Robbins, Rossel Hope (1970) 'Medical Manuscripts in Middle English'. Speculum 45, 393–415. | DOI 10.2307/2853500
[32] Stockwell, Robert P. (1984) 'On the History of the Verb-Second Rule in English'. In: Jacek Fisiak (ed.) Historical Syntax. Berlin, New York and Amsterdam: Mouton Publishers, 575–592.
[33] Taavitsainen, Irma (1994) 'On the Evolution of Scientific Writings from 1375 to 1675: Repertoire of Emotive Features'. In: Francisco Moreno-Fernández, Miguel Fuster and Juan José Calvo (eds.) English Historical Linguistics 1992. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 329–342.
[34] Taavitsainen, Irma (2001) 'Changing Conventions of Writing: the Dynamics of Genres, Text Types, and Text Traditions'. European Journal of English Studies 5(2) 139–150. | DOI 10.1076/ejes.5.2.139.7309
[35] Taavitsainen, Irma (2002) 'Historical Discourse Analysis: Scientific Language and Changing Thought-styles'. In: Teresa Fanego, Belén Méndez-Naya and Elena Seoane (eds.) Sounds, Words, Texts and Change. Selected Papers from 11 ICEHL, Santiago de Compostela, 7-11 September 2000. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 201–226.
[36] Taavitsainen, Irma (2009) 'The Pragmatics of Knowledge and Meaning: Corpus Linguistic Approaches to Changing Thought-styles in Early Modern Medical Discourse'. In: Andreas H. Jucker, Daniel Schreier and Marianne Hundt (eds.) Corpora: Pragmatics and Discourse. Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi, 37–62.
[37] Taavitsainen, Irma and Päivi Pahta (1998) 'Vernacularisation of Medical Writing in English: A Corpus-Based Study of Scholasticism'. Early Science and Medicine 3(2), 157–185. | DOI 10.1163/157338298X00266
[38] Taavitsainen, Irma and Päivi Pahta (2004) Medical and Scientific Writing in Late Medieval English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[39] Taavitsainen, Irma and Päivi Pahta (2011) Medical Writing in Early Modern English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[40] Traugott, Elizabeth Closs (1992) 'Syntax'. In: Richard M. Hogg (ed.) The Cambridge History of the English Language. Volume I: The beginnings to 1066. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 168–289.
[41] Wallage, Phillip (2012) 'Negative Inversion, Negative Concord and Sentential Negation in the History of English'. English Language and Linguistics 16(1), 3–33. | DOI 10.1017/S1360674311000268
[2] MEMT = Middle English Medical Texts. 2005. Compiled by Irma Taavitsainen, Päivi Pahta & Martti Mäkinen. CD-ROM with MEMT Presenter software by Raymond Hickey. Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
[3] Bækken, Bjørg (1998) Word Order Patterns in Early Modern English. Oslo: Novus Press.
[4] Bækken, Bjørg (2000) 'Inversion in Early Modern English'. English Studies 81(5), 393-421. | DOI 10.1076/0013-838X(200009)81:5;1-8:FT393
[5] Bækken, Bjørg (2005) 'Some Aspects of Word Order in Seventeenth-century English'. English Studies 86(6), 511–535. | DOI 10.1080/00138380500319943
[6] Biber, Douglas, Stig Johansson, Geoffrey Leech, Susan Conrad and Edward Finegan (1999) Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. London: Longman.
[7] Breivik, Leiv Egil and Toril Swan (1994) 'Initial Adverbials and Word Order in English with Spetial Reference to the Early Modern English Period'. In: Dieter Kastovsky (ed.) Studies in Early Modern English. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 11–44.
[8] Calle-Martín, Javier and Antonio Miranda-García (2010) 'Gehyrdon ge þæt gecweden wæs – A Corpus-based Approach to Verb-initial Constructions in Old English'. Studia Neophilologica 82(1), 49–57. | DOI 10.1080/00393271003795202
[9] Calle-Martín, Javier and Jesús Romero-Barranco (2014) 'On the Use of that/zero as Object Clause Links in Early English Medical Writing'. Studia Neophilologica 86(1), 1–16. | DOI 10.1080/00393274.2014.900595
[10] Calle-Martín, Javier and Jesús Romero-Barranco (2015) 'On the Use of make to vs. make ø in early English Medical Writing'. Atlantis: Journal of the Spanish Association of Anglo-American Studies 37(1), 157–177.
[11] Calle-Martín, Javier and Jesús Romero-Barranco (2017) 'Third Person Present Tense Markers in some Varieties of English'. English World-Wide 37(2), forthcoming.
[12] Carter, Ronald and Michael McCarthy (2006) Cambridge Grammar of English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[13] Fischer, Olga (1992) 'Syntax'. In: Norman Blake (ed.) The Cambridge History of the English Language. Volume II. 1066–1476, 207–408. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 207–408.
[14] Fischer, Olga, Ans van Kemenade, Willem Koopman and Wim van der Wurff (2004) The Syntax of Early English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[15] Fischer, Olga and William van der Wurff (2006) 'Syntax'. In: Richard Hogg and David Denison (eds.) A History of the English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 109–198.
[16] Green, Georgia M. (1980) 'Some Wherefores of English Inversions'. Language 56(3), 582–601. | DOI 10.2307/414451
[17] Greenberg, Joseph H. (1966) 'Some Universals of Grammar with Particular Reference to the Order of Meaningful Elements'. In: Joseph H. Greenberg (ed.) Universals of Language. Massachusetts: The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 73–113.
[18] Haeberli, Eric (2007) 'The Development of Subject-verb Inversion in Middle English and the Role of Language Contact'. Generative Grammar in Geneva 5, 15–33.
[19] Haeberli, Eric and Richard Ingham (2007) 'The Position of Negation and Adverbs in Early Middle English'. Lingua 117, 1–25. | DOI 10.1016/j.lingua.2005.08.001
[20] Hogg, Richard (2002) An Introduction to Old English. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
[21] Ingham, Richard (2007) 'NegP and Negated Constituent Movement in the History of English'. Transactions of the Philological Society 105(3), 365–397. | DOI 10.1111/j.1467-968X.2007.00195.x
[22] Jacobsson, Bengt (1951) Inversion in English with Special Reference to the Early Modern English Period. Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksells Boktryckeri Ab.
[23] van Kemenade, Ans (1987) Syntactic Case and Morphological Case in the History of English. Dordrecht: Foris.
[24] Kendall, Maurice George (1970) Rank Correlation Methods. London: Griffin.
[25] Kohnen, Thomas (2001) 'Text Types as Catalysts for Language Change'. In: Hans-Jürgen Diller and Manfred Görlach (eds.) Towards a History of English as a History of Genres. Heidelverg: Winter, 111–126.
[26] Nevalainen, Terttu (1997) 'Recycling inversion: The case of initial adverbs and negators in Early Modern English'. Studia Anglica Posnaniensia 31, 203–214.
[27] Nevalainen, Terttu (2006) An Introduction to Early Modern English. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
[28] Pahta, Päivi (2001) 'Creating a New Genre: Contextual Dimensions in the Production and Trans-mission of Early Scientific Writing'. European Journal of English Studies 5(2), 205–220. | DOI 10.1076/ejes.5.2.205.7303
[29] Petré, Peter (2015) 'Grammaticalization by Changing Co-text Frequencies, or Why [BE Ving ] Became the 'Progressive''. English Language and Linguistics 20(1), 31–54. | DOI 10.1017/S1360674315000210
[30] Rissanen, Matti (1999) 'Syntax'. In: Roger Lass (ed.) A History of the English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 187–326.
[31] Robbins, Rossel Hope (1970) 'Medical Manuscripts in Middle English'. Speculum 45, 393–415. | DOI 10.2307/2853500
[32] Stockwell, Robert P. (1984) 'On the History of the Verb-Second Rule in English'. In: Jacek Fisiak (ed.) Historical Syntax. Berlin, New York and Amsterdam: Mouton Publishers, 575–592.
[33] Taavitsainen, Irma (1994) 'On the Evolution of Scientific Writings from 1375 to 1675: Repertoire of Emotive Features'. In: Francisco Moreno-Fernández, Miguel Fuster and Juan José Calvo (eds.) English Historical Linguistics 1992. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 329–342.
[34] Taavitsainen, Irma (2001) 'Changing Conventions of Writing: the Dynamics of Genres, Text Types, and Text Traditions'. European Journal of English Studies 5(2) 139–150. | DOI 10.1076/ejes.5.2.139.7309
[35] Taavitsainen, Irma (2002) 'Historical Discourse Analysis: Scientific Language and Changing Thought-styles'. In: Teresa Fanego, Belén Méndez-Naya and Elena Seoane (eds.) Sounds, Words, Texts and Change. Selected Papers from 11 ICEHL, Santiago de Compostela, 7-11 September 2000. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 201–226.
[36] Taavitsainen, Irma (2009) 'The Pragmatics of Knowledge and Meaning: Corpus Linguistic Approaches to Changing Thought-styles in Early Modern Medical Discourse'. In: Andreas H. Jucker, Daniel Schreier and Marianne Hundt (eds.) Corpora: Pragmatics and Discourse. Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi, 37–62.
[37] Taavitsainen, Irma and Päivi Pahta (1998) 'Vernacularisation of Medical Writing in English: A Corpus-Based Study of Scholasticism'. Early Science and Medicine 3(2), 157–185. | DOI 10.1163/157338298X00266
[38] Taavitsainen, Irma and Päivi Pahta (2004) Medical and Scientific Writing in Late Medieval English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[39] Taavitsainen, Irma and Päivi Pahta (2011) Medical Writing in Early Modern English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[40] Traugott, Elizabeth Closs (1992) 'Syntax'. In: Richard M. Hogg (ed.) The Cambridge History of the English Language. Volume I: The beginnings to 1066. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 168–289.
[41] Wallage, Phillip (2012) 'Negative Inversion, Negative Concord and Sentential Negation in the History of English'. English Language and Linguistics 16(1), 3–33. | DOI 10.1017/S1360674311000268