Název: Je nemonotónní logika logikou?
Zdrojový dokument: Pro-Fil. 2012, roč. 13, č. 1, s. [41]-51
Rozsah
[41]-51
-
ISSN1212-9097
Trvalý odkaz (DOI): https://doi.org/10.5817/pf13-1-297
Trvalý odkaz (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/139064
Type: Článek
Jazyk
Licence: Neurčená licence
Upozornění: Tyto citace jsou generovány automaticky. Nemusí být zcela správně podle citačních pravidel.
Abstrakt(y)
Nemonotónní logika vznikla za účelem systematicky zachytit tzv. zrušitelné uvažování, tj. typ každodenního uvažování, které vede jen k provizorně platným argumentům, jenž mohou být následně staženy s příchodem nových informací. Tím se ovšem nemonotónní logika dostává do ostrého kontrastu s klasickou logikou, která je monotónní, tj. žádné dodatečné premisy nemohou zrušit jednou již platné argumenty. To bylo pro mnohé dostatečným důvodem k tomu, aby nemonotónní logice upřeli status logiky. V tomto textu si ukážeme, že takový závěr je příliš unáhlený a že nemonotónní logika má právo se nazývat logikou.
Nonmonotonic logic was devised in order to capture so called defeasible reasoning, i.e., sort of everyday life reasoning, which leads to tantatively valid arguments that can be later retracted in the light of new information. This brings nonmonotonic logic to sharp contrast with classical logic, which is monotonic, i.e., no additional premises can invalidate once already valid arguments. Many took this as a sufficient reason to claim that nonmonotonic logic is not really a logic. In this paper we try to show that such a conclusion is very hasty and that nonmonotonic logic has a right to call itself a logic.
Reference
[1] Alchourrón, C. E., Gärdenfors, P., Makinson, D. (1985) „On the Logic of Theory Change: Partial Meet Contraction and Revision Functions”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, Vol. 50, No. 2, s. 510–530. | doi:10.2307/2274239
[2] Ginsberg, M. L. (1987) Readings in Nonmonotonic Reasoning. Los Altos: Morgan Kaufmann.
[3] Hart, H. L. A. (1951) „The Ascription of Responsibility and Rights“, in: G. Ryle, A. Flew (eds.), Logic and Language (First Series): Essays. Oxford: Blackwell.
[4] Chesñevar, C., Maguitman, A., Loui, R. (2000) „Logical Models of Argument“, ACM Computing Surveys, Vol. 32, No. 4, s. 343–387. | doi:10.1145/371578.371581
[5] Israel, D. J. (1980) „What's Wrong with Non-Monotonic Logic?“, in: M. L. Ginsberg (ed.), Readings in Nonmonotonic Reasoning. Los Altos: Morgan Kaufmann, s. 53–55.
[6] Loui, R. (1995) „Hart‘s critics on defeasible concepts and ascriptivism“, ICAIL ’95 - Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law. New York: ACM Press, s. 21–30.
[7] Prakken, H., Vreeswijk, G. (2002): „Logic for Defeasible argumentation“, in: Dov M. Gabbay, F. Guenthner (eds.), Handbook of Philosophical Logic: Volume 4, London: Springer, s. 219–319.
[8] Reiter, R. (1987): „Nonmonotonic Reasoning“, Annual Review of Computer Science, Vol. 2, s. 147–186. | doi:10.1146/annurev.cs.02.060187.001051
[9] Shoham, Y. (1987) „A Semantical Approach to Nonmonotonic Logics“, in: M. L. Ginsberg (ed.), Readings in Nonmonotonic Reasoning. Los Altos: Morgan Kaufmann, s. 227–250.
[2] Ginsberg, M. L. (1987) Readings in Nonmonotonic Reasoning. Los Altos: Morgan Kaufmann.
[3] Hart, H. L. A. (1951) „The Ascription of Responsibility and Rights“, in: G. Ryle, A. Flew (eds.), Logic and Language (First Series): Essays. Oxford: Blackwell.
[4] Chesñevar, C., Maguitman, A., Loui, R. (2000) „Logical Models of Argument“, ACM Computing Surveys, Vol. 32, No. 4, s. 343–387. | doi:10.1145/371578.371581
[5] Israel, D. J. (1980) „What's Wrong with Non-Monotonic Logic?“, in: M. L. Ginsberg (ed.), Readings in Nonmonotonic Reasoning. Los Altos: Morgan Kaufmann, s. 53–55.
[6] Loui, R. (1995) „Hart‘s critics on defeasible concepts and ascriptivism“, ICAIL ’95 - Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law. New York: ACM Press, s. 21–30.
[7] Prakken, H., Vreeswijk, G. (2002): „Logic for Defeasible argumentation“, in: Dov M. Gabbay, F. Guenthner (eds.), Handbook of Philosophical Logic: Volume 4, London: Springer, s. 219–319.
[8] Reiter, R. (1987): „Nonmonotonic Reasoning“, Annual Review of Computer Science, Vol. 2, s. 147–186. | doi:10.1146/annurev.cs.02.060187.001051
[9] Shoham, Y. (1987) „A Semantical Approach to Nonmonotonic Logics“, in: M. L. Ginsberg (ed.), Readings in Nonmonotonic Reasoning. Los Altos: Morgan Kaufmann, s. 227–250.