Název: Štruktúry typu schola v Pompejách – symbol a ukážka moci príslušníkov pompejskej aristokracie na príklade štruktúr určených na odpočinok
Variantní název:
- Schola-type structures in Pompeii – a symbol and display of the power of pompeian aristocracy on the examples of structures designed for rest
Zdrojový dokument: Studia archaeologica Brunensia. 2020, roč. 25, č. 2, s. 5-34
Rozsah
5-34
-
ISSN1805-918X (print)2336-4505 (online)
Trvalý odkaz (DOI): https://doi.org/10.5817/SAB2020-2-1
Trvalý odkaz (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/143996
Type: Článek
Jazyk
Jazyk shrnutí
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 International
Upozornění: Tyto citace jsou generovány automaticky. Nemusí být zcela správně podle citačních pravidel.
Abstrakt(y)
Predložený článok bude pojednávať o polkruhovitých štruktúrach typu schola, ktoré sa nachádzali v tesnej blízkosti brán na mestských nekropolách v Pompejách a ich funkcia bola určená primárne na odpočinok v rámci funerálneho priestoru. Datovanie schol spadá na prelom letopočtu do obdobia tzv. raného principátu. Predlohu týchto štruktúr je možné nájsť v oblasti východného Stredomoria už v období helenizmu, ktoré sú známe ako exedry. Pozornosť bude venovaná najmä osobám, ktorým boli zmienené scholy dedikované alebo sa o ich výstavbu pričinili. Nahliadnuté bude na ich život, kultúrny pôvod, spoločenské postavenie a úradné či kňazské funkcie v rámci mesta na základe dochovaných archeologických a epigrafických dokladov. V spojitosti s exedrami vo východnom Stredomorí budú rámcovo popísané vybrané príklady na základe ich funkčného alebo topografického zaradenia.
The presented article is treating semicircular schola type structures, that were located in proximity of the gates of the city necropoleis in Pompeii. Their function was primarily meant to be resting spots within funeral temenos. As to dating of the schola type structures, these were constructed in the 1st centuries, both BC and AD, during the period of the Early Principate. Predecessors of these structures can be found in the Eastern Mediterranean already in the period of Hellenism and are known as exedrae. This article is focusing especially on personae to whom the mentioned scholae were dedicated or who contributed to their construction. Their life, cultural origin, social status, executive or priestly functions within the city based on preserved archaeological and epigraphic documents are inspected. Among the exedrae in the Eastern Mediterranean, some examples are selected and considering their functional or topographical classification.
Reference
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[65] Westfall, C. W. 2008: Urban planning, roads, street and neighborhoods. In: Foss, P. – Dobbins, J. J. (eds.), The World of Pompeii. London & New York, 129–139.
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[3] Livius IX, 38 (Ab Urbe Condita). Foster, B. O. 1926, London.
[4] Adams, J. N. 2003: Bilingualism and the Latin Language. Cambridge.
[5] Aktaş, Ş. 2008: Tombs of the Exedra Type and Evidence from the Pataran Examples, Adalya No. XI, 235–262.
[6] Allison, P. M. 2001: Placing Individuals: Pompeian Epigraphy in Context, Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology vol. 14, 53–74. | DOI 10.1558/jmea.v14i1.53
[7] Astour, M. C. 1985: Ancient Greek Civilization in Southern Italy, Journal of Aesthetic Education vol. 19, 23–37. | DOI 10.2307/3332556
[8] Bartoněk, A. 1975: Greek dialects of ancient Apennine peninsula. In: Češka, J. (ed.), Classica atque mediaevalia Jaroslao Ludvíkovský octogenario oblata. Brno, 17–36.
[9] Borrelli, L. 1937: Le tombe di Pompei a schola semicircolare. Napoli.
[10] Bradley, P. 2013: Cities of Vesuvius: Pompeii and Herculaneum. Cambridge.
[11] Campbell, V. L. 2015: The Tombs of Pompeii. Organization, Space and Society. New York.
[12] Carpiceci, A. C. 1979: Pompeii 2000 years ago. Florence.
[13] Carrington, R. C. 1932: The Etruscans and Pompeii, Antiquity vol. 6, 5–23. | DOI 10.1017/S0003598X00006360
[14] Castrén, P. 1975: Ordo Populusque Pompeianus. Polity and Society in Roman Pompeii. Rome.
[15] Conte, G. B. 2003: Dějiny římské literatury. Praha.
[16] Cooley, A. E. – Cooley, M. G. L. 2004: Pompei: A Sourcebook. London & New York.
[17] Cooley, A. E. – Cooley, M. G. L. 2013: Pompeii and Herculaneum: A Sourcebook. London & New York.
[18] Descoeudres, J – P. 2008: History and Historical Sources. In: Foss, P. – Dobbins, J. J. (eds.), The World of Pompeii. London & New York, 9–27.
[19] Dillon, S. 2010: The Female Portrait Statue in the Greek World. Cambridge.
[20] Dobbins, J. J. 2008: The forum and its dependencies. In: Foss, P. – Dobbins, J. J. (eds.), The World of Pompeii. London & New York, 150–183.
[21] Dyer, T. H. 1870: Pompeii. Its History, Buildings and Antiquities. New York.
[22] Emmerson, L. C. 2010: Reconstructing the Funerary Landscape at Pompeii's Porta Stabia, Rivista di Studi Pompeiani vol. 21, 77–86.
[23] Fiorelli, G. 1875: Descrizione di Pompei. Napoli.
[24] Fishwick, D. 1995: The inscription of Mamia again: the cult of the Genius Augusti and the temple of the imperial cult on the Forum of Pompeii, Epigraphica vol. 57, 17–38.
[25] Franklin, J. L. 2001: Pompeis Difficile Est: Studies in the Political Life of Imperial Pompeii. Michigan.
[26] Franklin, J. 2008: Epigraphy and Society. In: Foss, P. – Dobbins, J. J. (eds.), The Lost World of Pompeii. London & New York, 518–525.
[27] Franklin, J. L. 2004: Fragmented Pompeian Prosopography: The Etnicing and Frustrating Veii, The Classical World vol. 98, No. I, 21–29. | DOI 10.2307/4352902
[28] Giuntoli, S. 1989: Art and History of Pompeii. Florencia.
[29] Gordon, M. L. 1927: The Ordo of Pompeii, The Journal of Roman Studies vol. 17, 165–183. | DOI 10.2307/296132
[30] Hellström P., 2007: Labraunda. Karya Zeus Labraundos Kutsal Alani Gezi Rehberi. Istanbul
[31] Henderson, T. K. 2014: Constructing an Oscan Cityscape: Pompeii and the Eítuns Inscription. Urban Dreams and Realities in Antiquity, Remains and Representations of the Ancient City vol. 375, 99–120.
[32] James, S. L. – Dillon, S. 2015: A Companion to Women in the Ancient World. Chichester, West Sussex.
[33] Jashemski, W. F. 2002: The Natural History of Pompeii. Cambridge & New York.
[34] Jílek, J. 2007: Několik poznámek ke skyfům typu Meroe z Krakovan-Stráží a Ostrovan. In: Sborník prací filozofické fakulty brněnské univerzity, M řada archeologická roč. 54–55 2005–2006. Brno, 75–103.
[35] Kay, S. - Martin, L.A. - Albiach, R. 2018: Investigation the archaeology of death at Pompeii. The necropolis and fugitives of the Nolan Gate. In: Antropologia e Archeologia a Confronto: Archeologiae Antropologia della Morte. 1. La regola dell'eccezione. Atti dell'Incontro Internazionale di studi. Roma, 413–424.
[36] Kay, S. – Martin, L. A. – Albiach, R. 2017: Pompeii: Porta Nola Necropolis Project (Comune di Pompei, Provincia di Napoli, Regione Campania), Papers of the British School at Rome vol. 85, 324–327. | DOI 10.1017/S0068246217000320
[37] Kockel, V. 1983: Die Grabbauten vor dem Herkulaner Tor in Pompeji. Mainz am Rhein.
[38] Kristensen, T. M. 2018: Mobile situations: Exedrae as stages of gathering in Greek sanctuaries, World Archaeology vol. 50, 86–99. | DOI 10.1080/00438243.2018.1488608
[39] Ling, R. 2008: Development of Pompeii's public landscape in the Roman period. In: Foss, P. – Dobbins, J. J. (eds.), The World of Pompeii. London & New York, 119–128.
[40] Mackenzie, W. M. 1910: Pompeii. London.
[41] Maiuri A., 1960: Pompei. Enciclopedia dell'Arte Antica, Classica e Orientale vol. 6, Rome.
[42] Maiuri, A. 1978: Pompeii. Rome.
[43] Mau, A. 1890: Scavi fuori porta Stabiana, Scavi di Pompeii, 277–284.
[44] Mau, A. 1904: Pompeii: It's Life and Art. New York.
[45] Mommsen, Th. 1883: Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum vol. X.1. Berolini.
[46] Neumann, S. 2011: Steinerne Sitzbänkeund prachtvolle Räume – Exedren in hellenistischen Pergamon. In: von Grüßinger, R. – Kästner, V. – Scholl, A. (ed.), Pergamon – Panorama der antiken Metropole. Berlin, 309–311.
[47] Nissen, H. 1877: Pompeianische Studien zur Städtekunde des Altertums. Leipzig.
[48] Nohlen, K. 2011: Ein Tempel für den Kaiserkult – Das Trajaneum von Pergamon. In: von Grüßinger, R. – Kästner, V. – Scholl, A. (ed.), Pergamon – Panorama der antiken Metropole. Berlin, 159–173.
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[51] Richardson, L. 1988: Pompeii. An Architectural History. Baltimore & London.
[52] Scott, M. 2013: Space and Society in the Greek and Roman Worlds. Cambridge.
[53] Sears, G. – Keegan, P. – Laurence, R. 2013: Written Space in the Latin West, 200 BC to AD 300. London & New York.
[54] Spano, G. 1910: Scavo nel giardino annesso alla tomba di M. Tullio, fuori Porta di Stabia, Notizie degli Scavi di Antichitá vol. VII, 567–569.
[55] Spano, G. 1910: Relazione degli scavi eseguiti negli anni 1908 e 1909, Notizie delgi scavi di Antichitá vol. VII, 376–399.
[56] Spano, G. 1910: Scavi fuori Porta del Vesuvio, Notizie degli Scavi di Antichitá vol. VII, 399–416.
[57] Stillwell, R. 2017: The Princeton Encyklopedia of Classical Sites. Princeton.
[58] Svoboda, L. 1973: Encyklopedie Antiky. Praha.
[59] Swain, S. 1991: Plutarch, Hadrian and Delphi, Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte vol. 40, 318–330.
[60] Tartaron, T. F. 2014: Cross-Cultural Interaction in the Greek World: Culture Contact Issues and Theories. In: Smith C. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. New York, 1804–1821.
[61] Viscogliosi, A. 2019: From Pergamon to Rome and from Rome to Pergamon: A Very Fruitful Architectural Gift. In: Hemingway, S. – Karoglou, K. (eds.), Art of the Hellenistic Kingdoms: From Pergamon to Rome. New York, 91–98.
[62] Vivanet, F. 1889: Pompei. In Notizie degli Scavidi Antichitá, vol XXIII, 278–281.
[63] Ward, R. B. 1998: The Public Priestess of Pompeii, The Early Church in Its Context vol. 90, 318–334.
[64] Welch, K. E. 2008: Pompeian men and women in portrait sculpture. In: Foss, P. – Dobbins, J. J. (eds.), The World of Pompeii. London & New York, 550–584.
[65] Westfall, C. W. 2008: Urban planning, roads, street and neighborhoods. In: Foss, P. – Dobbins, J. J. (eds.), The World of Pompeii. London & New York, 129–139.
[66] Wilkinson P. 2017: Pompeii: An Archaeological Guide. London & New York.
[67] Will, E. L. 1979: Women in Pompeii, Archaeology, vol. 32, 34–43.
[68] Zanker, P. 1998: Pompeii: Public and Private Life. Cambridge.