Název: Organization of museums of western Ukraine after the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation
Variantní název:
- Fungování muzeí na západní Ukrajině po totální invazi Ruské federace
Zdrojový dokument: Museologica Brunensia. 2023, roč. 12, č. 2, s. 12-19
Rozsah
12-19
-
ISSN1805-4722 (print)2464-5362 (online)
Trvalý odkaz (DOI): https://doi.org/10.5817/MuB2023-2-2
Trvalý odkaz (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/digilib.79104
Type: Článek
Jazyk
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 International
Přístupová práva
otevřený přístup
Upozornění: Tyto citace jsou generovány automaticky. Nemusí být zcela správně podle citačních pravidel.
Abstrakt(y)
During the war Russian troops are carrying out a targeted and systematic destruction of cultural and religious monuments of Ukraine with the help of various types of weapons and aviation. UNESCO World Heritage sites in Ukraine are under threat of destruction. In the course of modern war, the entire territory of Ukraine is in danger. At the same time, the western Ukrainian regions are considered to be a relatively safe territory. The population from the front-line areas, museum collections are evacuated here.
One of the first initiatives to save Ukrainian museums was the Museum Crisis Center, the Heritage Emergency Response Initiative and the Western Ukrainian Union of Museums is based on substantial international assistance. Foremost due to international support, it was possible to receive grants for generators, power banks, as well as the purchase of personal protective equipment for museum workers in case of chemical and nuclear attacks.
The activity of Western Ukraine museums was focused on two main directions. Firstly, on financial assistance to colleagues and organizing the evacuation of museum collections from the zone of hostilities or occupation. And secondly, on the preservation of museum valuables in the museums of Western Ukraine by digitizing them and filling the museum funds with the necessary amount of packaging materials.
On the other hand, as it follows from the short field study of the master’s degree students, there were only minor fears or worries about possible military actions of the Russian Federation in the museum environment. At the same time there were no government instructions, explanations or warnings about the preparation for the possible evacuation of museum valuables or their more reliable storage. Unfortunately, letters from the Ministry of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine belatedly responded to the current situation after February 2022 having left the main initiative to non-governmental unions and organizations. In the museum environment after the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation only personal initiatives were the most efficient in forming support and assistance for museum workers.
One of the first initiatives to save Ukrainian museums was the Museum Crisis Center, the Heritage Emergency Response Initiative and the Western Ukrainian Union of Museums is based on substantial international assistance. Foremost due to international support, it was possible to receive grants for generators, power banks, as well as the purchase of personal protective equipment for museum workers in case of chemical and nuclear attacks.
The activity of Western Ukraine museums was focused on two main directions. Firstly, on financial assistance to colleagues and organizing the evacuation of museum collections from the zone of hostilities or occupation. And secondly, on the preservation of museum valuables in the museums of Western Ukraine by digitizing them and filling the museum funds with the necessary amount of packaging materials.
On the other hand, as it follows from the short field study of the master’s degree students, there were only minor fears or worries about possible military actions of the Russian Federation in the museum environment. At the same time there were no government instructions, explanations or warnings about the preparation for the possible evacuation of museum valuables or their more reliable storage. Unfortunately, letters from the Ministry of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine belatedly responded to the current situation after February 2022 having left the main initiative to non-governmental unions and organizations. In the museum environment after the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation only personal initiatives were the most efficient in forming support and assistance for museum workers.
V průběhu války ruské jednotky cíleně a systematicky likvidují kulturní a církevní památky Ukrajiny s pomocí různých druhů zbraní a letectva. Památkám světového dědictví UNESCO na Ukrajině tak hrozí zničení. Během současné války je celé území Ukrajiny v ohrožení. Oblasti na západě Ukrajiny jsou přitom považovány za relativně bezpečné území. Je sem evakuováno obyvatelstvo a muzejní sbírky z frontových oblastí.
Jednou z prvních iniciativ na záchranu ukrajinských muzeí bylo Muzejní krizové centrum. Hnutí na záchranu ohrožených památek a Asociace muzeí západní Ukrajiny do velké míry využívají mezinárodní pomoc. Především díky zahraniční podpoře se podařilo získat dotace na generátory, powerbanky a také na nákup osobních ochranných prostředků pro muzejní pracovníky pro případ chemických a jaderných útoků.
Činnost západoukrajinských muzeí je zaměřena dvěma hlavními směry. Prvním je finanční pomoc kolegům a organizování evakuace muzejních sbírek z nepřátelské či okupační zóny. Druhý hlavní zájem se soustřeďuje na uchování cenných předmětů v muzeích západní Ukrajiny pomocí jejich digitalizace a na zajištění potřebného množství obalových materiálů pro depozitáře. Jak ale vyplynulo z krátkého oborového průzkumu studentů magisterského studia, v muzejním prostředí panovaly jen malé obavy či strach z možných vojenských akcí Ruské federace. Zároveň neexistovaly žádné oficiální pokyny, vysvětlení či výstrahy ohledně přípravy na možnou evakuaci cenných muzeálií nebo jejich bezpečnější uložení. Opatření ze strany Ministerstva kultury a informační politiky Ukrajiny bohužel na současnou situaci po únoru 2022 reagovaly opožděně, přenechávaje tak hlavní zátěž na bedrech mimovládních sdružení a neziskových organizací. V muzejním prostředí po totální invazi Ruské federace byla proto podpora a pomoc muzejním pracovníkům nejefektivněji organizována na základě osobní iniciativy.
Jednou z prvních iniciativ na záchranu ukrajinských muzeí bylo Muzejní krizové centrum. Hnutí na záchranu ohrožených památek a Asociace muzeí západní Ukrajiny do velké míry využívají mezinárodní pomoc. Především díky zahraniční podpoře se podařilo získat dotace na generátory, powerbanky a také na nákup osobních ochranných prostředků pro muzejní pracovníky pro případ chemických a jaderných útoků.
Činnost západoukrajinských muzeí je zaměřena dvěma hlavními směry. Prvním je finanční pomoc kolegům a organizování evakuace muzejních sbírek z nepřátelské či okupační zóny. Druhý hlavní zájem se soustřeďuje na uchování cenných předmětů v muzeích západní Ukrajiny pomocí jejich digitalizace a na zajištění potřebného množství obalových materiálů pro depozitáře. Jak ale vyplynulo z krátkého oborového průzkumu studentů magisterského studia, v muzejním prostředí panovaly jen malé obavy či strach z možných vojenských akcí Ruské federace. Zároveň neexistovaly žádné oficiální pokyny, vysvětlení či výstrahy ohledně přípravy na možnou evakuaci cenných muzeálií nebo jejich bezpečnější uložení. Opatření ze strany Ministerstva kultury a informační politiky Ukrajiny bohužel na současnou situaci po únoru 2022 reagovaly opožděně, přenechávaje tak hlavní zátěž na bedrech mimovládních sdružení a neziskových organizací. V muzejním prostředí po totální invazi Ruské federace byla proto podpora a pomoc muzejním pracovníkům nejefektivněji organizována na základě osobní iniciativy.
Reference
[1] Interview with Andriy Levchuk, director of Kremenets Local History Museum, March 8, 2023.
[2] Interview with Natalya Sobkovych, head of the Section of Culture and Cultural Heritage Protection in the Department of Culture and Tourism of Ternopil Regional Military Administration, April 18, 2023.
[3] Interview with Vasyl Ilchyshyn, director of Zaloztsi Local History Museum, March 8, 2023.
[4] Arkheolohichnoho muzeyu Instytutu ukrayinoznavstva imeni Ivana Kryp"yakevycha NAN Ukrayiny [Archaeological Museum of the Institute of Ukrainian Studies named after Ivan Krypyakevich of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine]. In Facebook [online]. [accessed 2023-07-15]. Available from www: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100067856100294.
[5] Departament kul'tury ta turyzmu Ternopil's'koyi oblderzhadministratsiyi [Decree of Department of Culture and Tourism of Ternopil Regional State Administration], no. 02.01-46/324, March 28, 2022.
[6] Destroyed Cultural Heritage Of Ukraine/ Zruinovana kulturna spadshchyna Ukrainy [online]. [accessed 2023-07-17]. Available from www: https://culturecrimes.mkip.gov.ua/.
[7] HS «Zakhidnoukrayins'ka spilka muzeyiv» [Non-profitable union "West Ukrainian Union of Museums"]. In Facebook [online]. [accessed 2023-07-15]. Available from www: https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid023qKvQVg6oshzAfqHSXrH7kP6wZ5aBmN9guWtK4DWPEJ3Xh96aKjDV66FPzB3MohTl&id=100080657974159.
[8] HUNDOROVA, Tamara. Heneratsiynyy vyklyk i postkolonializm na skhodi Yevropy. Vstupni zauvazhennya [Generational challenge and postcolonialism in Eastern Europe. Introductory remarks]. In HUNDOROVA, Tamara and Agnieszka MATUSIAK (eds.). Postkolonializm. Heneratsiyi. Kul'tura [Postcolonialism. Generations. Culture]. [online]. Kyiv: Laurus, 2014, pp. 7–13 [accessed 2023-07-24]. Available from www: http://uamoderna.com/images/biblioteka/Postcolonialism.pdf. ISBN 978-966-2449-64-8.
[9] HUNDOROVA, Tamara. Postkolonial'nyy roman heneratsiynoyi travmy ta postkolonial'ne chytannya na skhodi Yevropy [Postcolonial novel of generational trauma and postcolonial reading in Eastern Europe]. In HUNDOROVA, Tamara and Agnieszka MATUSIAK (eds.). Postkolonializm. Heneratsiyi. Kul'tura [Postcolonialism. Generations. Culture]. [online]. Kyiv: Laurus, 2014, pp. 26–44 [accessed 2023-07-24]. Available from www: http://uamoderna.com/images/biblioteka/Postcolonialism.pdf. ISBN 978-966-2449-64-8.
[10] Ivankivs'kyy rayonnyy istoryko-krayeznavchyy muzey 1981–2022 [Ivankiv Historical and Local History Museum 1981–2022]. In Instagram [online]. [accessed 2023-07-17]. Available from www: https://www.instagram.com/p/Ch7FzJ6NaZw/?img_index=1.
[11] Muzeynyy kryzovyy tsentr [Museum Crisis Center]. In Facebook [online]. [accessed 2023-07-26]. Available from www: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100083180718086.
[12] Natsional'nyy literaturno-memorial'nyy muzey H. S. Skovorody 1972–2022 [National Literary and Memorial Museum of H. S. Skovoroda 1972–2022]. [online]. [accessed 2023-07-16]. Available from www: https://savethespot.org/museums/hryhorii-skovoroda-literary-memorial-museum.html.
[13] Okhtyrs'kyy mis'kyy krayeznavchyy muzey 1995–2022 [Okhtyrka Museum of Local History 1995–2022]. [online]. [accessed 2023-07-31]. Available from www: https://savethespot.org/museums/local-history-museum-of-okhtyrka.html.
[14] PAVLYSHYN, Marco. Postkolonializm yak metod i sklad dumky. Sposterezhennya shchodo ukrayins'koho literaturoznavstva na storinkakh zhurnalu «Slovo i chas» u rokakh 1991–2011 [Postcolonialism as a method and way of thinking. Observations on Ukrainian literary studies on the pages of the magazine "Slovo i Chas" during 1991–2011]. In HUNDOROVA, Tamara a Agnieszka MATUSIAK (eds.). Postkolonializm. Heneratsiyi. Kul'tura [Postcolonialism. Generations. Culture]. Kyiv: Laurus, 2014, pp. 73–83 [online]. [accessed 2023-07-25]. Available from www: http://uamoderna.com/images/biblioteka/Postcolonialism.pdf. ISBN 978-966-2449-64-8.
[15] PAVLYSHYN, Marco. Pro koryst' i shkodu postkolonializmu dlya zhyttya [Benefits and harms of postcolonialism for life]. Vsesvit [online]. 2014, no. 03-04, MarchApril [accessed 2023-07-26]. Available from www: https://chtyvo.org.ua/authors/Marko_Pavlyshyn/Pro_koryst_i_shkodu_postkolonializmu_dlia_zhyttia/. ISSN 1023-1024.
[16] PUSHNOVA, Tetiana. «Tse toloka, de muzeynyky sami ryatuyut' sebu i ukrayins'ku spadshchynu»: initsiatorka Muzeynoho kryzovoho tsentru Ol'ha Honchar [This is a place where museum workers save themselves and Ukrainian heritage: the initiator of the Museum Crisis Center Olha Honchar]. In Ukrainska pravda [online]. [accessed 2023-07-31]. Available from www: https://life.pravda.com.ua/culture/2023/03/10/253273/.
[17] Shchodo nadannya informatsiyi. Povidomlennya Ministers'ka kul'tury ta informatsiynoyi polityky Ukrayiny [Notice of the Ministry of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine, Regarding the provision of information], no. 2068/39.2, March 26, 2022.
[18] Shtab poryatunku spadshchyny/Heritage Emergency Response Initiative. In Facebook [online]. [acscessed 2023-07-15]. Available from www: https://www.facebook.com/HERI.Ukraine.
[19] Zakhidnoukrayins'ka spilka muzeyiv postala u L'vovi [The West Ukrainian Union of Museums was founded in Lviv]. In Prostir. Museum [online]. 12 February 2016 [accessed 2023-07-31]. Available from www: http://prostir.museum/ua/post/36590.
[20] Zapochatkovano zbir koshtiv na vidnovlennia zruinovanoi rosiianamy kulturnoi spadshchyny [Fundraising for the restoration of cultural heritage destroyed by Russians launched]. In Uriadovyi kurier: hazeta kabynetu minystrye Ukrainy [online]. [accessed 2023-07-31]. Available from www: https://ukurier.gov.ua/uk/news/zapochatkovano-zbir-koshtiv-na-vidnovlennya-/.
[21] Zberezhit' ukrayins'ku kul'turu [Save Ukrainian culture]. In Vikipedia – vilna entsyklopediia [online]. [accessed 2023-07-17]. Available from www: https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83.
[2] Interview with Natalya Sobkovych, head of the Section of Culture and Cultural Heritage Protection in the Department of Culture and Tourism of Ternopil Regional Military Administration, April 18, 2023.
[3] Interview with Vasyl Ilchyshyn, director of Zaloztsi Local History Museum, March 8, 2023.
[4] Arkheolohichnoho muzeyu Instytutu ukrayinoznavstva imeni Ivana Kryp"yakevycha NAN Ukrayiny [Archaeological Museum of the Institute of Ukrainian Studies named after Ivan Krypyakevich of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine]. In Facebook [online]. [accessed 2023-07-15]. Available from www: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100067856100294.
[5] Departament kul'tury ta turyzmu Ternopil's'koyi oblderzhadministratsiyi [Decree of Department of Culture and Tourism of Ternopil Regional State Administration], no. 02.01-46/324, March 28, 2022.
[6] Destroyed Cultural Heritage Of Ukraine/ Zruinovana kulturna spadshchyna Ukrainy [online]. [accessed 2023-07-17]. Available from www: https://culturecrimes.mkip.gov.ua/.
[7] HS «Zakhidnoukrayins'ka spilka muzeyiv» [Non-profitable union "West Ukrainian Union of Museums"]. In Facebook [online]. [accessed 2023-07-15]. Available from www: https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid023qKvQVg6oshzAfqHSXrH7kP6wZ5aBmN9guWtK4DWPEJ3Xh96aKjDV66FPzB3MohTl&id=100080657974159.
[8] HUNDOROVA, Tamara. Heneratsiynyy vyklyk i postkolonializm na skhodi Yevropy. Vstupni zauvazhennya [Generational challenge and postcolonialism in Eastern Europe. Introductory remarks]. In HUNDOROVA, Tamara and Agnieszka MATUSIAK (eds.). Postkolonializm. Heneratsiyi. Kul'tura [Postcolonialism. Generations. Culture]. [online]. Kyiv: Laurus, 2014, pp. 7–13 [accessed 2023-07-24]. Available from www: http://uamoderna.com/images/biblioteka/Postcolonialism.pdf. ISBN 978-966-2449-64-8.
[9] HUNDOROVA, Tamara. Postkolonial'nyy roman heneratsiynoyi travmy ta postkolonial'ne chytannya na skhodi Yevropy [Postcolonial novel of generational trauma and postcolonial reading in Eastern Europe]. In HUNDOROVA, Tamara and Agnieszka MATUSIAK (eds.). Postkolonializm. Heneratsiyi. Kul'tura [Postcolonialism. Generations. Culture]. [online]. Kyiv: Laurus, 2014, pp. 26–44 [accessed 2023-07-24]. Available from www: http://uamoderna.com/images/biblioteka/Postcolonialism.pdf. ISBN 978-966-2449-64-8.
[10] Ivankivs'kyy rayonnyy istoryko-krayeznavchyy muzey 1981–2022 [Ivankiv Historical and Local History Museum 1981–2022]. In Instagram [online]. [accessed 2023-07-17]. Available from www: https://www.instagram.com/p/Ch7FzJ6NaZw/?img_index=1.
[11] Muzeynyy kryzovyy tsentr [Museum Crisis Center]. In Facebook [online]. [accessed 2023-07-26]. Available from www: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100083180718086.
[12] Natsional'nyy literaturno-memorial'nyy muzey H. S. Skovorody 1972–2022 [National Literary and Memorial Museum of H. S. Skovoroda 1972–2022]. [online]. [accessed 2023-07-16]. Available from www: https://savethespot.org/museums/hryhorii-skovoroda-literary-memorial-museum.html.
[13] Okhtyrs'kyy mis'kyy krayeznavchyy muzey 1995–2022 [Okhtyrka Museum of Local History 1995–2022]. [online]. [accessed 2023-07-31]. Available from www: https://savethespot.org/museums/local-history-museum-of-okhtyrka.html.
[14] PAVLYSHYN, Marco. Postkolonializm yak metod i sklad dumky. Sposterezhennya shchodo ukrayins'koho literaturoznavstva na storinkakh zhurnalu «Slovo i chas» u rokakh 1991–2011 [Postcolonialism as a method and way of thinking. Observations on Ukrainian literary studies on the pages of the magazine "Slovo i Chas" during 1991–2011]. In HUNDOROVA, Tamara a Agnieszka MATUSIAK (eds.). Postkolonializm. Heneratsiyi. Kul'tura [Postcolonialism. Generations. Culture]. Kyiv: Laurus, 2014, pp. 73–83 [online]. [accessed 2023-07-25]. Available from www: http://uamoderna.com/images/biblioteka/Postcolonialism.pdf. ISBN 978-966-2449-64-8.
[15] PAVLYSHYN, Marco. Pro koryst' i shkodu postkolonializmu dlya zhyttya [Benefits and harms of postcolonialism for life]. Vsesvit [online]. 2014, no. 03-04, MarchApril [accessed 2023-07-26]. Available from www: https://chtyvo.org.ua/authors/Marko_Pavlyshyn/Pro_koryst_i_shkodu_postkolonializmu_dlia_zhyttia/. ISSN 1023-1024.
[16] PUSHNOVA, Tetiana. «Tse toloka, de muzeynyky sami ryatuyut' sebu i ukrayins'ku spadshchynu»: initsiatorka Muzeynoho kryzovoho tsentru Ol'ha Honchar [This is a place where museum workers save themselves and Ukrainian heritage: the initiator of the Museum Crisis Center Olha Honchar]. In Ukrainska pravda [online]. [accessed 2023-07-31]. Available from www: https://life.pravda.com.ua/culture/2023/03/10/253273/.
[17] Shchodo nadannya informatsiyi. Povidomlennya Ministers'ka kul'tury ta informatsiynoyi polityky Ukrayiny [Notice of the Ministry of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine, Regarding the provision of information], no. 2068/39.2, March 26, 2022.
[18] Shtab poryatunku spadshchyny/Heritage Emergency Response Initiative. In Facebook [online]. [acscessed 2023-07-15]. Available from www: https://www.facebook.com/HERI.Ukraine.
[19] Zakhidnoukrayins'ka spilka muzeyiv postala u L'vovi [The West Ukrainian Union of Museums was founded in Lviv]. In Prostir. Museum [online]. 12 February 2016 [accessed 2023-07-31]. Available from www: http://prostir.museum/ua/post/36590.
[20] Zapochatkovano zbir koshtiv na vidnovlennia zruinovanoi rosiianamy kulturnoi spadshchyny [Fundraising for the restoration of cultural heritage destroyed by Russians launched]. In Uriadovyi kurier: hazeta kabynetu minystrye Ukrainy [online]. [accessed 2023-07-31]. Available from www: https://ukurier.gov.ua/uk/news/zapochatkovano-zbir-koshtiv-na-vidnovlennya-/.
[21] Zberezhit' ukrayins'ku kul'turu [Save Ukrainian culture]. In Vikipedia – vilna entsyklopediia [online]. [accessed 2023-07-17]. Available from www: https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83.