Pozapomenutá linie ruské literatury: kataklyzmatický kosmismus, jinakost a identita

The author of the present article deals with the so-called Russian cosmism, now the extremely popular phenomenon analysed in special books, anthologies, and studies all over the world, which is usually connected with the philosophy of Nikolay Fedorov and his Russian followers, writers and scientists, such as Leo Tolstoy, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Vladimir Vernadsky, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, even the French neothomist Teilhard de Chardin and others. The main goal of this treatise is to manifest dominant thematic and conceptual layers of the Russian lyric poetry of the end of the 18th- and the first third of the 19th century, similar to the ideas of German romanticism (die deutsche Romantik) grasping the human life and the existence of cosmos as one whole: the cosmic space is the location the humankind came to and also the refuge which it aims at. The cataclysmic poetry by Vasily Zhukovsky, Konstantin Batyushkov, Yevgeny Boratynski, and Fyodor Tyutchev—many years before Fedorov, Vernadsky and others, formulated the basis of the future philosophy of cosmism and at the same time represents the real aesthetic top of world lyric poetry linked with the most contemporary ideas of otherness, identity and self-identity as the search for them demonstrates the genuine core of its effort.