Název: Surely as a marker of dominance and entitlement in the crime fiction of P.D. James
Zdrojový dokument: Brno studies in English. 2009, roč. 35, č. 2, s. [79]-92
Rozsah
[79]-92
-
ISSN0524-6881 (print)1805-0867 (online)
Trvalý odkaz (handle): https://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/105147
Type: Článek
Jazyk
Licence: Neurčená licence
Upozornění: Tyto citace jsou generovány automaticky. Nemusí být zcela správně podle citačních pravidel.
Abstrakt(y)
In this study I make the claim that the pragmatic marker surely is used in British English to externalise a speaker's bid for dominance at a particular point in interactive discourse. In so doing the speaker positions himself/ herself towards other speakers within the contextual setting. The position of surely in the sentence as well as the position in which it occurs in the sequence of talk contribute to the different strengths and types of stance in context. The data used are drawn from three of the crime fiction novels of P.D. James. This material allows the reader access to the illusion, first of interaction similar in some ways to naturally occurring talk and second, to that of entering characters' minds. Self-questioning is one of the functions served by surely in the novelist's representation of thought.
Reference
[1] Aijmer, Karin (2002) 'Modal Adverbs of Certainty and Uncertainty in an English-Swedish Perspective. In: Hasselgard, Hilde, Stig Johansson, Bergljot Behrens, and Cathrine Fabricius-Hansen (eds.) Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi, 97–112.
[2] Biber, Douglas and Edward Finegan (1988) 'Adverbial Stance Types in English'. Discourse Processes 11, 1–34.
[3] Biber, Douglas, Edward Finegan, Stig Johansson and Susan Conrad (1999) Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. London: Longman.
[4] Bolinger, Dwight (1972) 'Linear Modification'. Publication of the Modern Language Association of America 67, 1117–44. | DOI 10.2307/459963
[5] Brazil, David (1985) The Communicative Value of Intonation in English. Discourse analysis monograph No. 8. English Language Research. University of Birmingham.
[6] Downing, Angela (2001) '"Surely you knew!" Surely as a Marker of Evidentiality and Stance'. Functions of Language 8 (2), 251–282. | DOI 10.1075/fol.8.2.05dow
[7] Downing, Angela (2006) 'The English Pragmatic marker Surely and its Functional Counterparts in Spanish'. In: Aijmer, Karin and Anne-Marie Simon-Vandenbergen (eds.) Pragmatic Markers in Contrast. Oxford: Elsevier, 89–56.
[8] Downing, Angela (2009) 'From Manner Adverb to Stance Marker. Surely, (Inter)subjectivity and English Cultural Norms'. In: Bowen, Rhonwen, Mats Mobärg and Sölve Ohlander (eds.) Corpora and Discourse – and Stuff. Papers in Honour of Karin Aijmer. Gotherburg Studies in English 96. University of Gothenburg: Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 13–22.
[9] Du Bois, John (2000) 'Taking A Stance: Constituting the Stance Differential in Dialogic Interaction'. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Anthropological Association, San Francisco, November 18, 2000.
[10] Hoye, Leo (1997) Adverbs and Modality in English. London: Longman.
[11] Leech, Geoffrey, N. and Michael H. Short (1981) Style in Fiction. A Linguistic Introduction to English Fictional Prose. London and New York: Longman.
[12] Page, Norman (1988) Speech in the English Novel, 2nd ed. Houndsmills, Basingstoke: Macmillan Press.
[13] Quirk, Randolph, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech and Jan Svartvik (1985) A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman.
[14] Simon-Vandenbergen, Anne-Marie and Karin Aijmer (2007) The Semantic Field of Modal Certainty. A Corpus-Based Study of English Adverbs. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
[15] Simpson, Paul (1993) Language, Ideology and Point of View. London and New York: Routledge.
[2] Biber, Douglas and Edward Finegan (1988) 'Adverbial Stance Types in English'. Discourse Processes 11, 1–34.
[3] Biber, Douglas, Edward Finegan, Stig Johansson and Susan Conrad (1999) Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. London: Longman.
[4] Bolinger, Dwight (1972) 'Linear Modification'. Publication of the Modern Language Association of America 67, 1117–44. | DOI 10.2307/459963
[5] Brazil, David (1985) The Communicative Value of Intonation in English. Discourse analysis monograph No. 8. English Language Research. University of Birmingham.
[6] Downing, Angela (2001) '"Surely you knew!" Surely as a Marker of Evidentiality and Stance'. Functions of Language 8 (2), 251–282. | DOI 10.1075/fol.8.2.05dow
[7] Downing, Angela (2006) 'The English Pragmatic marker Surely and its Functional Counterparts in Spanish'. In: Aijmer, Karin and Anne-Marie Simon-Vandenbergen (eds.) Pragmatic Markers in Contrast. Oxford: Elsevier, 89–56.
[8] Downing, Angela (2009) 'From Manner Adverb to Stance Marker. Surely, (Inter)subjectivity and English Cultural Norms'. In: Bowen, Rhonwen, Mats Mobärg and Sölve Ohlander (eds.) Corpora and Discourse – and Stuff. Papers in Honour of Karin Aijmer. Gotherburg Studies in English 96. University of Gothenburg: Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 13–22.
[9] Du Bois, John (2000) 'Taking A Stance: Constituting the Stance Differential in Dialogic Interaction'. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Anthropological Association, San Francisco, November 18, 2000.
[10] Hoye, Leo (1997) Adverbs and Modality in English. London: Longman.
[11] Leech, Geoffrey, N. and Michael H. Short (1981) Style in Fiction. A Linguistic Introduction to English Fictional Prose. London and New York: Longman.
[12] Page, Norman (1988) Speech in the English Novel, 2nd ed. Houndsmills, Basingstoke: Macmillan Press.
[13] Quirk, Randolph, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech and Jan Svartvik (1985) A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman.
[14] Simon-Vandenbergen, Anne-Marie and Karin Aijmer (2007) The Semantic Field of Modal Certainty. A Corpus-Based Study of English Adverbs. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
[15] Simpson, Paul (1993) Language, Ideology and Point of View. London and New York: Routledge.